Kujambula kwa 3D ndi AutoCAD - Gawo 8

Mafotokozedwe a 36.1.2 kwa zinthu 3D

Mu chaputala cha 9 timayankhula za ubwino wa zolembera za zinthu ndi malemba onse takhala tikulimbikira zambiri. Pano, mophweka, tiyenera kutsimikizira kuti tikhoza kutsegula mafotokozedwe a zinthu za 3D, zomwe zidzawonjezeredwa kumbuyo. Kuti tiwatseke, timagwiritsa ntchito batani mu barre yoyenera. Mndandanda wa masewerawo umatilola kuti tiwusunge mwatsatanetsatane.

Zofunika za 36.2

Monga momwe tidzaonera m'tsogolo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu 3D idzasinthidwa wina ndi mnzake. Kuchokera ku olimbitsa timatha kupanga chinthu chamtundu, cha manda ichi ndi chimodzi cha mesh chinthu cholimba. Zonse zomwe zingatheke komanso kulemekeza malamulo otembenuzidwa, ndithudi. Pamene chinthu cha 3D chiri cha mtundu wina, chiri ndi zipangizo zambiri zosinthira zomwe ziribe mtundu wina. Mwachitsanzo, liwu la chinthu cholimba lingachotsedwe kuchokera ku chimzake china cholimba, kupyolera mu opaleshoni yosiyana, kusiya mpata mmenemo. Izi zitatha, zingasandulike kukhala chinthu pamwamba kuti zisinthe zina mwazitsulo zowonongeka ndiyeno kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti nkhope zawo zikhale bwino, pakati pa zochitika zambiri.

Fotokozani mitundu ya zinthu 3D zomwe tingathe kuzipanga ndi Autocad.

36.2.1 Solids

Zolimba ndi zinthu zotsekedwa zomwe ziri ndi thupi: misa, mphamvu, mphamvu yokoka ndi nthawi za inertia, pakati pazinthu zina zomwe zikuwonetsedwa ndi lamulo la Propfis (lomwe, ndendende, limatanthauzira cholakwika pamene cholimba sichinasankhidwe).
Zowonjezera zimatha kupangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana (yotchedwa primitives) ndiyeno palimodzi, kapena kupangidwa kuchokera kumapiri a 2D otsekedwa. N'zotheka kuchita ntchito za Boolean ndi iwo, monga mgwirizano, kutsutsana ndi kusiyana.

Zithunzi za 36.2.2

Pamwamba ndi zinthu "zobowo" za 3D zomwe zilibe unyinji, voliyumu, kapena mawonekedwe ena. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito mwayi wamitundu yosiyanasiyana yolumikizirana ndi zojambulajambula. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mawonekedwe: machitidwe ndi machitidwe a NURBS, omwe, monga momwe tidzawonera, amagwirizana ndi splines, popeza amatha kusinthidwa ndi vertices control.

Miyendo ya 36.2.3

Zimadziwika ngati matope zomwe zimapangidwa ndi nkhope (katatu kapena quadrilateral) zomwe zimasinthidwa kumbuyo ndi m'mphepete. Iwo alibe zamtundu uliwonse kapena katundu wina, ngakhale amagawana zida zina zopangira ndi zolimba ndi zina ndi malo. Maonekedwe awo akhoza kugawidwa mu nkhope zambiri kuti athetsere chinthucho, pakati pa zinthu zina zosintha.

Zolemba za 36.3 3D

Monga tanenera, mtundu uliwonse wa chinthu cha 3D uli ndi zida zowonetsera zokha. Komabe, onsewa amagawana malamulo omwe, m'malo mowasintha okha, amalola kuti tiziwagwiritsa ntchito popanda malire a zida za 2D zomwe taziwona mu gawo la 36.1.1. Tiyeni tiwone

36.3.1 Gizmos 3D

Mu gawo lokonzekera la Tsamba la Home la 3D Workspace tili ndi zida za 3 zotchedwa Gizmos 3D: Scroll, Rotation and Scale. Ndipotu, tikasankha chinthu cha 3D, mwachindunji chimodzi mwa ma gizmos chikuwonekera pa malo apakati a chinthucho, chomwe chimasankhidwa mu gawo la Kusankhidwa (ndipo ngati, kuwonjezera, mawonekedwewo si 2D dongosolo). Ngakhale kuti tikhoza kusankha gézmo yomwe timaifuna, ndithudi.
Gizmo XMUMXD yosamukirayo imalola kusuntha chinthucho kapena zinthu zosankhidwa mosavuta kufotokoza mzere kapena ndege (XY, XZ kapena YZ) yomwe tikufuna kusuntha chinthucho. Kuti muchite izi, onjezerani chizindikiro cha SCP pamunsi pambali ya kusamuka. Izi komanso gizmos zina zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi zinthu 3D.

Kuzungulira 3D, monga dzina limatanthawuzira, limalola chinthu kapena zinthu zosankhidwa kuti zizungulire mwa njira yomweyi, ndiko, kuwonetsera kwa gezmo palokha. Ndiye tikhoza kusonyeza mbali muwindo lamzere lazenera, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mbewa. Mulimonsemo, kusinthasintha kumangokhala pazomwe asankhidwa.

Pomaliza, Scale 3D imasiyanitsa chinthu kapena zinthu zonse (kotero n'zosatheka kuziletsa.) Chiwerengero cha scale chikhoza kulandidwa muzenera lamzere windo, kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu ndi mbewa, mwinamwake pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro kuti mutenge chinthucho ku kukula komwe mukufuna.
Tiyenera kuwonjezera kuti mndandanda wa masewero a gizmos umatilola kusinthana kuchoka ku wina kupita ku gizmo ndipo, poyang'ana Mipukutu ndi Kuzungulira, sankhani maulendo kapena ndege yomwe tikufuna kuimitsa, pakati pa zina.