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Zambiri kuposa ma 60 Autolisp routines kwa AutoCAD

Lembani kutembenuka ndi ntchito

1. Sinthani mapazi kufika mamita ndi mosiyana

Chizoloŵezi ichi chopangidwa ndi Autolisp, chimatilola ife kutembenuza mtengo wolowera kuchokera ku mapazi kupita ku mamita ndi mosiyana, zotsatira zimasonyezedwa mu mzere wa lamulo.

Apa ifenso ntchito CVunit ntchito, izi lisp ntchito, analandira mfundo kutembenuka, failo acad.unt (AutoCAD Unit Tanthauzo), ngati mukufuna kusunga mwatsatanetsatane zimene mfundo mitengo osiyana kutembenuka, ine amati inu mukuwona file izi .

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi, chitani zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: PIM
  3. Sankhani mtundu wotembenuza: mapazi kufika mamita kapena mamita mpaka mapazi
  4. Lowani mtengo umene mukufuna kutembenuza
  5. Mulowa mu lamulo la mzere chidziwitso ndi unit conversion

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

2. Amachulukitsa malemba onse osankhidwa

Chizoloŵezichi chomwe chinapangidwa mu AutoLisp chimapereka kupeza kuwonjezeka kwa malemba onse a malemba osankhidwa, kuti chizoloŵezi ichi kugwira ntchito moyenera ndikofunikira kuti malemba osankhidwa ali a mtundu wa TEXT osati wa mtundu wa MTEXT.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli malemba atatu 3 lililonse ndi makhalidwe: 1, 2, 3 ndipo anasankha atatu, zotsatira malamulo chulutsa manambala awa atatu, wofanana: 6.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi, chitani zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: Mul
  3. Sankhani malemba onse omwe mukufuna kuti muwonjezere.
  4. Dinani fungulo Lowani kuti mupeze zotsatira.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

3. Sinthani mainchesi kufika mamita

Izi chizolowezi pang'ono amatilola kuti atembenuke mtengo adalowa mainchesi mamita Mukuwona zotsatira mu mzere lamulo, kuwonjezera komanso izo zikusonyeza zotsatira wogawanika pakati 2 monga gawo la nkhani zina.

Mungathe kusintha lamulo ili kuti mutembenuze mitundu yina ya ma unit, chifukwa ichi muyenera kusintha code yanu, mwachitsanzo, mutembenuzire masentimita mpaka masentimita o mphindi zochepa, ingosintha magawo a ntchitoyi “zinthu", mu lamulo ili cvunit ili ndi magawo awa: " mainchesi "" mita ", ndi magawo awa, mtengo wolowa udzatengedwa ngati mainchesi ( mainchesi) ndipo udzasinthidwa kukhala mamita (mita), mukhoza kusintha magawo kuti zotsatirazi: "miniti" "yachiwiri", "inchi" "cm", "ekala" "sq yard", "ft" "mu", pakati pa ena.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi, chitani zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: PM
  3. Lowani mtengo umene mukufuna kutembenuza kuchokera pa inchi kufika mamita ndi

Wokonzeka, mudzalandira zambiri ndi unit conversion.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

4. Onjezani kutalika kwa mizere ya wosankhidwa wosanjikiza

Chizoloŵezi ichi chimakulolani kuti muwonjezere mtunda wa mizere yonse yomwe ili mu chigawo cha chinthu chomwe mumasankha.

Chizoloŵezi ichi chimakulolani kuti muwonjezere mtunda wa mizere yonse yomwe ili mu chigawo cha chinthu chomwe mumasankha, ngati polylines ikupezeka musankhulidwe losankhidwa, iwo sadzanyalanyazidwa.
Momwe mzere wa mizere yonse ikupezeka zotsatira zimasonyezedwa.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi, chitani zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: sumlcapa
  3. Sankhani mzere womwe uli pamzere wa mizere yomwe mukufuna kuwonjezera

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi kwa USD 5.99 apa

5. Onjezerani kapena kuchotsani mfundo za malemba osankhidwa

Chizoloŵezi ichi chopangidwa ndi AutoLisp chimatithandiza kuti tiwonjezere kapena kuchotseramo mfundo za malemba omwe asankhidwa.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi malemba ndi mtengo wa 5 ndikugwiritsa ntchito lamuloli ndikulowa mtengo 2, malemba omwe asankhidwa adzasintha, kusinthidwa ndi mtengo 7, ngati mutalowa mtengo -2, mawuwo adzasinthidwa ku 3.

Chitani zotsatirazi kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi.

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: vsr
  3. Imasonyeza kufunika kwowonjezera kapena kuchotsedwa
  4. Sankhani malemba kuti awonjezedwe kapena achotsedwe.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

6. Pezani malo ochepa kuchokera kumagulu

Chizoloŵezi ichi chimakulolani kuti mupeze malo omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito mthunzi wogawanika ndikuyika mfundo zomwe zimapezeka mumagulu osankhidwa.

Ma shading osankhidwa ayenera kukhala osanjikiza omwe amafotokoza mtundu wa malo omwe angapezeke, mwachisawawa lisp idzawerenga mayina awiri osanjikiza, omwe ndi awa: "ShadingCut"Ndipo"ShadowFill".

Lisp imawerengera madera onse a shader omwe ali mugawo "ShadingCut” ndi madera onse a shadings wosanjikiza “ShadowFill” ndipo kusankha kwa ma hatches kukatha, mawonekedwe a madera amasinthidwa, chifukwa cha ichi chiwongolero chopita patsogolo cha chipikacho chiyenera kusankhidwa choyamba, ichi ndi khalidwe losawoneka, koma lisp asanasankhidwe akuwonetsa ndipo kenako ndikubisanso, izi zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo "Attisp", ndiye kuti mawonekedwe a malo odulidwa ndi kudzaza adzasankhidwa ndipo izi zidzasinthidwa ndi madera omwe apezeka.

Kusankhidwa kwa zinthuzo kumachitika kudzera pawindo lomwe limaphatikizapo punctures zonse kuphatikizapo zomwe zikupita patsogolo.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: AXIS.
  3. Sankhani kudzera pawindo ma phukusi onse odulidwa ndi kudzazidwa kwa gawoli, kuphatikizapo malemba omwe akupita patsogolo.
  4. Kusankha chimodzi ndi chimodzi zikhumbo za chipikacho kuti zisinthe, kuyambira ndi chikhalidwe cha patsogolo.
  5. Lamulo lidzatha pokhapokha atatha kusankhidwa ndi malonjezedwe.

Chitsanzo cha fayilo ya CAD chikuphatikizidwa kwa lisp kuti amvetse bwino lamulo.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

7. Pezani mtunda wa mzere kapena polyline

Lamulo (chizoloŵezi cha Autolisp) limapeza malo otsetsereka a mzere kapena polyline, komanso amapeza kutalika kwa mzere, kutalika kwazitali ndi mbali.

Icho chimathandiza kwambiri pamene tikufuna sungani ndolo zathu, kupeza malo otsetsereka, ndi okwanira kusankha mzere kapena polyline, zotsatira zake zikhoza kuwonetsedwa pazenera (kulamulira mzere) kapena posankha malemba (mtengo wa mawuwa udzasintha ndi mtengo wa mtunda wotsika).

Ndikoyenera kutsimikiziranso kuti pa nkhani ya polyline, lamulo ili limapeza malo otsetsereka a gawo loyamba.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi, chitani zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: pnd
  3. Sankhani mzere kapena polyline kuti mutenge mtunda.
  4. Ngati mukufunidwa mungasankhe malemba kuti mutengere mtengo wake pa malo otsetsereka, mwinamwake, kanikizani Lowani kuti mupeze zotsatira pawindo.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

8.  ZIZINDIKIRO ZOLEMBEDWA KU LISP VISUAL KUTSATIRA NKHANI YA ZINTHU ZOLEMBEDWA KAPENA MAFUNSO A POLYLINES

Ndizozoloŵezi zomwe zimapangidwa ku Lisp zomwe zimapeza chiwerengero cha kutalika kwa mizere kapena polylines yosankhidwa, zotsatira za ndalamayi zikhoza kukhazikitsidwa m'malemba kusankha izo kapena zingathe kuwonetsedwa mu mzere wa malamulo.

Mukhoza kusankha mizere ndi polylines onse palimodzi pawindo limodzi kapena limodzi.

Nambala yosasinthika ya chiwerengero cha chiwerengero cha kutalika komwe kukupezeka ndi 2, koma mtengo wina ukhoza kulowa.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: lpl
  3. Lowani chiwerengero cha ziwonetsero za zotsatira za chiwerengero cha kutalika
  4. Sankhani mizere kapena polylines kuti muwonjezere kutalika kwawo
  5. Dinani fungulo Lowani kuti athetse kusankha
  6. Sankhani malemba kuti mutengere mtengo wake ndi ndalama zomwe mwapezazo Lowani kachiwiri kuti asonyeze zotsatira pa mzere wa lamulo

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

9. ZINTHU ZONSE ZOLEMBEDWA ZOLEMBEDWA ZIMENE ZILI PA NKHANI ZOLEMBEDWA ZOLEMBEDWA

Ichi ndi chizoloŵezi chaching'ono chomwe chimapanga mndandanda ndi mayina a zigawo zonse mu zojambula zamakono ndikuziwonetsera pa mzere wa lamulo.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
Lowani dzina la lamulo: lc
Chotsatira chidzakhala mndandanda mu mzere wa malamulo wa zigawo zonse za zojambula zamakono.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

Kugwira ntchito ndi makonzedwe

10. KUDZIPEREKA KWA AUTOLISIPO KUTI KUPEREKA MITU YA DATA

Chizoloŵezi ichi chimapanga tebulo ndi mizere yowonjezera ya mizere ndi mizati, ndi ofanana ndi malamulo a AutoCAD table, koma kuunika kuzigwiritsa ntchito.

Chizolowezi ichi amapanga tebulo ndi chiwerengero cha mizera ndi maulendo omwe atchulidwa, ndi ofanana ndi malamulo a galimoto ya AutoCAD, koma kuwala kwagwiritsidwe ntchito, ngakhale kuti sikugwirizanitsa deta ndi Excel muli ndi mwayi wodzaza tebulo ndi mtengo wokonzedweratu yomwe mwachisawawa ndi "0.00" ndipo imayikidwa mu selo lililonse kuti lisinthidwe mtsogolo.

Lamulo ili kukulolani kuti mupange tebulo pogwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri, njira yoyamba imalola kufotokozera tebulo kupyolera pamtunda wokhazikika ndi kupingasa kwa maselo ndi njira ina Sinthani mfundo izi kuti mndandanda wa mizere ndi mizere lowetsani mawonekedwe a zenera.

Zowonjezera mungasankhe zotsatirazi:

  • Malemba osasintha: Mutha kuwuza lamulo kuti muyike mtengo wosasinthika ("0.00") mu selo iliyonse yopangidwa, mtengowu ukhoza kusinthidwa ndipo ukhoza kusinthidwa kukhala wina uliwonse.
  • Kukwera kwalemba: Ndiwo kutalika komwe malemba omwe adalowetsedwa adzakhala nawo, kutalika kosasintha kumakhala ndi mtengo wa "0.25".
  • Kulungamitsidwa: wazowonjezera, kotero pali njira ziwiri: zoyenera (Lowani mu selo) ndi Middle (theka la selo).
  • mtundu; Ndiwo mtundu womwe udzaphatikize malemba, mwachisawawa mtundu woyambirira ndi mtundu womwe ulipo tsopano.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: Tchati
  3. Malingana ndi Generation Mode yosankhidwa, mfundo ikusonyezedwa kapena mfundo ziwiri zikuwonetsedwa kuti zipange zenera

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

Ndondomeko ya Lisp yokambirana ndi Excel

11. Tumizani mfundo za Coordinate ku fayilo ya CSV

Chizoloŵezi ichi chopangidwa ndi Autolisp chimakupatsani inu kutumiza malingaliro okonzera ku fayilo ya Microsoft Excel CSV. Zinthu zomwe mungathe kutumizira makonzedwe awa ndi mfundo, malemba ndi mabwalo, ingozisankhira ndikuwonetsani mafayilo omwe akupita.

Iyenera kukhala yapadera samalani ngati zinthu zili zolembedwa, popeza mfundo yolembedwera ikugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi ya kutumiza makonzedwe, zimadalira kulungamitsidwa kumene malembawa ali nawo, ngati mukutsimikiza kuti malembawo ali olondola palibe vuto kutumizira mfundozo.

Ndibwino kuti musankhe zinthu zomwe zili ndi mfundo imodzi, monga zolemba kapena mfundo za AutoCAD, mwanjira imeneyo ndizowonjezera kuti zigawo zogulitsa kunja ndizo zomwe zikugwirizana.

Monga tanenera kale, izi zogulitsa zowonongeka zimayambira kuchokera ku mfundo, malemba (kapena Mtext) ndi zolemba, koma mukhoza kuthandizira foni yachinsinsi kuti muganizire zina monga mwachitsanzo: mabwalo, miyendo yoyamba ya mizere, pakati pa zinthu zina kuti m'datala yake muli code 10.

Maofesi otumizidwa kunja ali ndi mawonekedwe P, N, E, C (Point, North = Y, East = X, Cota = Z) ndipo pamene imatumizidwa ku fayilo ya CSV (yolekanitsidwa ndi makasitomala), pamene kutsegula fayilo phindu lirilonse lidzatenga selo lake losiyana.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chizoloŵezi muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: EPC
  3. Sankhani zinthu zomwe zigawozo zidzatumizidwa (zindikirani kuti mudzasankha mfundo, malemba ndi mabwalo (ngati muwapeza).
  4. Imasonyeza malo ndi dzina la fayilo ya CSV momwe maulalo otumizira adzapangidwira.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

12.  ZOCHITIKA ZOKHUDZA ZOTHANDIZA ZOKHUDZA ZINTHU ZOKHUDZA ZINTHU ZOKHUDZA ZOLEMBEDWA KU CSV FILE

Izi Autolisp zinapanga chizoloŵezi cha AutoCAD zimakulolani kuti mutumize mfundo za zigawo za malekezero a mizere yosankhidwa ku fayilo ya Microsoft Excel CSV

Zogwirizanitsa zotumizidwa zimayenderana ndi kuyambira ndi kutha kwa mzere, choncho ngati mizere ikuphatikizidwa ndi mfundo yomweyi, msilikali aziwerenga nthawi 2 yofanana.

Pankhaniyi, ngati mukufuna muyenera kuganizira njira yosankhira makonzedwe ndi kuchotsa zobwerezazo, zogulitsidwa zomwe zatumizidwa ndizo mapangidwe P, N, E, C (Point, North = Y, East = X, Dimension = Z) ndi momwe zimatumizidwa ku Faili la CSV (osiyana ndi makasitomala), pamene kutsegula fayilo phindu lirilonse lidzatenga selo lake lokhazikika ndi mwadongosolo.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chizoloŵezi muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: EL3
  3. Kusankha mizere yomwe mipata yoyamba ndi yotsiriza idzatumizidwa.
  4. Imasonyeza malo ndi dzina la fayilo la CSV limene makampani otumizira amachokera.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

13. LISP YOPHUNZITSA ZINTHU ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI ZA COORDINATES ZOKHUDZA MICROSOFT EXCEL

kachitidwe kameneka kwaiye ntchito AutoCAD ndi ntchito zake ofukula amakulolani tsamba ndondomeko ya mfundo wapamwamba ku Microsoft kupambana, zinthu izi si koyenera kukhazikitsa mfundo zokhudzana ndi wapamwamba zoitanitsa, monga mwa mawonekedwe ake mungachite zilipo zofunikira kuitanitsa mfundo momwe mukufunira.

Kuti mulowetse mfundozo, Chofunika kuti fayiloyi ikhale yopititsa patsogolo ili ndi XLS yowonjezera (kuchokera malemba asanakhale ofesi 2007) kapena XLSX (version 2007 kapena kenako) ndipo mu fayilo zigawozi zimapangidwa ndi mawonekedwe: P, N, E, C, D, (Ppamodzi, Norte, Este Cota Dkufotokoza), monga momwe tawonetsera pa chithunzi chotsatira:

Ikuthandizani kusankha pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya 3 kuti muyike chinthu chopindulitsa pazomwe mukuwerenga.

  • Yoyamba ndikusankha kuyika fayilo ya Gulu la AutoCAD Point (zomwe zimapangidwa ndi lamulo la POINT), kumbukirani kuti kuwonetsera kwa mfundo mu AutoCAD kumadalira mtundu wa mawonetsedwe omwe mwafotokozera ndi lamulo la DDPTYPE.
  • Njira yachiwiri ikuphatikizapo sankhani chipika chomwe chili mu chojambula monga mfundo yoti ilowe mu ndondomeko yowerengera, mwachizoloŵezi chizoloŵezi chimapanga chipika chatsopano chotchedwa "cg-point", chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati pali midadada mujambula kapena ngati palibe midadada mujambula.
  • Njira yachitatu yokhudzana ndi kalembedwe ka mfundo, imakulolani kuti mulowetse chipika kuchokera ku disk hard, kumbukirani kuti pakadali pano miyeso yomwe bwalo linalengedwera imakhudza kuwonetseratu kwa chipika pa nthawi yowonjezera.
  • Ponena za deta (mfundo), iCe Akukuthandizani kusankha zomwe mukufuna kusonyezaNgati inu mukufuna kusonyeza mfundo, ndi okwanira kusankha yekha njirayi, chimodzimodzi kwa gawo lemba kapena mfundo kufotokoza. Mutha kusankha kusonyeza deta ya 3 kapena kusonyeza palibe.

Kuwonjezera apo mungathe kulamulira chiwerengero cha malo achisimali muzolemba zojambulidwa, chiwerengero chomwe chidzakhala ndi chizindikiro, kusinthasintha kwa chimodzimodzi chomwe maziko ake ndi malo a malonda omwe amaloledwa ndi kupatulidwa kwa chizindikirocho potsata mfundo, zomwe mungasunge nazo ndi dzina, kuti muthe kuwaitanira mogwirizana ndi mfundo zomwe mungazilenge.

Zosankha zonsezi zidzakulolani kuti mulowetse malingaliro anu kuchokera ku fayilo ya Excel mu njira yofulumira komanso yooneka bwino, ndikuyenera kufotokoza kuti momwe malemba a pa tsambali akuwonedwera sakudalira nthawi zonse, koma mawonekedwe a pakali pano a zojambula zanu ndi zosanjikiza zamakono.

Zakale zapitazo ndinasindikiza ndondomeko yomwe inayambitsidwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito, yomwe imalowetsa zolembera koma kuchokera pa fayilo yolemba koma ndi zolephereka zambiri, nthawi ino kupyolera mu lamulo ili latsopano tidzakhala ndi njira zambiri zowonetsera kuyika kwa mfundo za mgwirizano.

Fayiloyi imaperekanso chitsanzo chomwe mungatumize, kupatula pa spreadsheet yokhala ndi mtundu woyenera womwe lamuloli liyenera kuyitanitsa makonzedwewo popanda zovuta zilizonse.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chizoloŵezi muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: ayezi
  3. Mu bokosi la bokosi tsatirani zosankha zomwe mukuganiza kuti ndizofunikira kulengeza mfundozo.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

14. Tengani malo kuchokera pa fsv csv ku magawo owoloka

Lamulo ili likulowetsani kuti mulowetse malo (osadulidwa ndi odzaza) ku magawo amtunda, malo omwe mungalowedwe ayenera kukhala mu fayilo ya CSV (comma-delimited), malinga ndi fayilo yachitsanzo.

Lamuloli likuwerengera zomwe zikupezeka m'ndandanda yoyamba ya fsv csv ndi kufufuza kwalemba ndi zomwezo muzithunzithunzi zojambula, kuika malo omwe akudulapo ndikudzaza pamwamba pamtanda.

Zokwanira zomwe zimayikidwa mu gawo lodulidwa ndi kudzaza mwachisawawa ndi: "AC=" ndi "AR=", zomwe zingathe kusinthidwa ndi code, komanso chiwerengero cha decimals ndi kutalika kwa malemba omwe aikidwa.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Imakhazikitsa ngati pakali pano wosanjikiza womwe udzakhala ndi zolemba zomwe zidzalowetsedwa, mwachitsanzo: "Malo Olemba".
  3. Lowani dzina la lamulo: arimx
  4. Sankhani fayilo ya SCV yomwe ili ndi malo oyenera kutumizidwa
  5. Sankhani mukufuna kuyika malo ake ofanana kuchokera pa fsv csv, ngati mukufuna kusankha zonse mungodindikiza fungulo Lowani.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

15. Lembani mayendedwe a zithunzi zomwe zaikidwa mujambula

Ngati mumagwira ntchito ndi zithunzi, nthawi zambiri zakhala zofunikira kuti mupange mndandanda wa iwo, kuphatikizapo njira yawo, ndi chizoloŵezi ichi mungathe kupanga mndandanda ndi njira za zithunzi zonse zomwe zaikidwa mujambula.

Chizoloŵezi ichi sichimafuna kuwonjezera kwa njira iliyonse, ingoyitanitsani lamulo ndipo nthawi yomweyo iwonetsedwe mu mzere wa command wa AutoCAD, mndandanda ndi njira za zithunzi zojambulidwa.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chizoloŵezi muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: laimu

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

16. Bwezerani zolemba ndi njira yamakono yatsopano

Chizoloŵezi ichi chinapangidwa mu Autolisp, chimatilola ife kusinthira malemba onse, ndi njira ndi dzina la fayilo yamakono.

Izi ndizothandiza pokhazikitsa ndondomeko ya kalata ya mapulani ndi mfundoyi.
Mu njira yomwe imaphatikizidwanso imaphatikizapo dzina lazomwe zilipo tsopano, ngati ziri mu malo osankhidwa, ziwonetseni kumapeto kwa njira: chitsanzo, mwinamwake ziwonetseratu m'malo mwazithunzi zamakono.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: njira
  3. Sankhani malemba kuti agwiritse ntchito ndi mtengo wa zojambula zamakono, ngati simukufuna kuti malemba ena asindikizidwe Lowani kusonyeza njira pa mzere wa lamulo.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

17. Ikani malo omwe asankhidwa ndi tsiku lomwe liri ndi zosiyana zojambula

Pothandizidwa ndi chizoloŵezi chabwino ichi titha kuwongolera malemba onse, ndi mtengo wa tsiku lomwe liripo.

Lamulo la 8 limapereka mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana pa tsikuli, kuyambira pa tsiku losavuta, mtundu wa tsiku lautali, komwe dzina la tsiku lomwelo likuyendetsedwa ndi AutoLisp.

Mukhoza kusankha zipangizo zamtundu Malemba y Mutu, izi zidzasinthidwa mosavuta ndi tsiku lomwe liripo ndi mawonekedwe omwe asankhidwa, mawonekedwe a masiku omwe alipo alipo ndi omwe akuwonetsedwa mu fanizolo, aliyense amadziwika ndi chiwerengero chake, chomwe chingasankhe mtunduwo ngati wapempha mu mzere wotsogolera ya AutoCAD.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi, chitani zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: RF
  3. Onetsani ndi nambala ya 1 kuti 8, tsiku lofotokozera mtundu, mukhoza kulowa funsolo (?), kuti asonyeze mawonekedwe a tsikuli omwe alipo
  4. Sankhani malemba omwe mukufuna kuwatsatila ndi tsiku ndi mtundu wosankhidwa
  5. Dinani fungulo Lowani kutseka lamulo ndikusintha malemba osankhidwa

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

18. LISP YOPHUNZITSIRA YOPHUNZITSIRA KOPEREKA KOPEREKERA KOPEREKA

Nthawi zina timafuna kusintha malemba awiri, mwachitsanzo, kuti lembalo ndi nambala 1346 imakhala 1111 ndipo mosiyana ndi izi, chizoloŵezi ichi chimatilola kufotokozera mfundo za malemba omwe asankhidwa.

Kuti tipeze zotsatirazi, ndikwanira kuti tisonyeze malemba awiriwo, wina pambuyo pake.

Chitani zotsatirazi kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi.

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: tra
  3. Sankhani malemba awiri kuti musinthe.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

19. ZOKHUDZA ZOKHUDZA ZIMENE ZILI ZOKUTHANDIZANI NDI MFUNDO YOPHUNZITSIDWA

Lamulo latsopanoli limapeza kukula kwake (Y coordinate) ya mfundo yomwe wapatsidwa ndikuiyika ngati zomwe zili muzolembazo.

Chizoloŵezichi ndi chothandiza kwambiri pochita ntchito ndi mbiri zapansi ndipo tikufuna kupeza kutalika kwa vertex ndikuyika mu imodzi mwa malemba omwe amasonyeza kukula kwa nthaka, angagwiritsidwe ntchito pogwiritsira ntchito magawo ena a nthaka ndi amafunikanso kupeza phindu la gawolo pambali ya gawo ndikuliyika mulemba lomwe lidzasonyeza kuti mtengo wa quota.

Mu lamulo ili mukhoza kusonyeza kuti ndilo liti limene lingakhale ndi gawolo, osati kutalika kwa malemba osankhidwa, koma msinkhu womwe uli ndi mbiri kapena gawo kuti uwonetsere, ngati mbiri yanu ili ndi nthawi 10 muzowunikira, muyenera kukhazikitsa lamulo la 10 NC kuti likhale ngati, kuti lamulolo, liwonetseni magawo omwewo ndikuikapo phindu loyenera m'malemba omwe asankhidwa.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi, chitani zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: NC
  3. Onetsani kukula kwa quotas
  4. Lowetsani chiwerengero cha malo a decimal omwe malembawo adzakhala nawo ndi gawo lopatsidwa (3 mwadala)
  5. Amasonyeza mfundo yomwe mukufuna kuti mupeze
  6. Sankhani malemba omwe adzasinthidwa ndi mtengo wa phindu lomwe lapezeka kapena ngati mukufuna kuti mutseke Lowani kusonyeza kokha chiwerengero chomwe chinaperekedwa popanda kusintha mau alionse

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

20. ZINTHU ZOFUNIKA ZOFUNIKA ZIKHALA ZOKHUDZA NDI PROGRESSIVE NDI ZINA ZOPHUNZITSIDWA NDI CHIYAMBI CHOMODZI CHOCHITIKA NDI MAFUNSO OYERA

Lamuloli likukuthandizani kuti mupeze zikhalidwe zamakono ndi zosiyana (X ndi Y zoyenera) za mfundo zomwe mwaziyika ndikuziyika m'malemba osankhidwa a 2.

Kuphatikiza palemba lirilonse limaphatikizira choyambirira kapena chosakwanira, mwachitsanzo ngati choyambirira chikuwonetsedwa pamlingo (Y kulumikiza) wofanana ndi "CT=", pamene malemba okwera asankhidwa, lamulo lidzasintha malemba osankhidwa ndi mtengo wa kukwera komwe kunapezeka, kuphatikizapo chilembo chosonyezedwa, mwachitsanzo "CT = 236.42", pamene malemba opita patsogolo asankhidwa, adzasinthidwa ndi mtengo. ya X coordinate yomwe idapezedwa kuphatikiza suffix "0+", mwachitsanzo "0+10.0".

Lamulo ili likubwera ndi ziganizidwe za miyeso yowonjezera komanso yofotokozedwa kale ("0 +" ndi "CT =") ndipo angasinthidwe kokha mwa kusintha ndondomeko yanu, kuphatikizapo lamulo ili lingasinthidwe ngati likukhumba, kotero kuti chiwerengero ndi cholemetsa chiwonjezeredwa panthawi yomweyi m'malemba.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi, chitani zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: PC
  3. Amasonyeza mfundo zomwe zimayendera bwino (X coordination) ndi coordination (Y coordinate)
  4. Sankhani zolemba zomwe zikupita patsogolo
  5. Sankhani malembawo

Makhalidwe a malembawo adzasinthidwa ndi deta yomwe imapezeka

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

21. ZOTHANDIZA ZINTHU ZOKHUDZA KUTI ZINTHU ZINTHU ZINTHU ZINTHU ZIKHALIDWE

Ndizozolowezi zomwe zimapangidwa mu Autolisp zomwe zimatilola ife kukhazikitsa mtengo wofanana (Y kulumikiza) pa mfundo yomwe wapatsidwa.

Lamuloli likupempha deta (mfundo ndi zikhulupiliro) ndikupanga ntchito kuti mupeze mtengo wotsiriza kuti uike mu Y yolumikiza mfundo yomwe yawonetsedwa (kusintha kusintha kwa mgwirizano wa Universal Coordinate System (UCS) pa mfundo yomwe ili ndi mtengo wolembedwera ).

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi, chitani zotsatirazi:

  1. Ikani fayilo ku AutoCAD pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo APPLOAD kapena kukopera fayilo ndi kuziyika mu AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina lolamula: OS
  3. Mukafunsidwa kuti mutsimikizire mbali, muyenera kutsimikizira mfundo pazenera (mfundo yomwe mukufuna kuti muyankhepo).
  4. Lamulolo lidzakulowetsani kuti mulowe muyeso lakulingalira kuti muike kapena kusankha malemba:
  5. Pano muyenera kulowa muyeso wa momwe mukufuna kukhalira Y yogwirizanitsa pa mfundo yomwe ikuwonetsedwa, mutha kuika mtengo kapena mungasankhe mutu umene uli ndi mtengo wofanana, lamulo likhoza kupeza nambala yokha ngati Komanso muli ndi kufotokozera.

Kuti mutsimikizire kuti zolembazo zakhazikitsidwa paziwonetsero zomwe zimapanga chidziwitso, liwonetseni mfundo, ndipo muyang'ane mu mzere wa lamulo kuti mtengo wa Y yogwirizanitsa tsopano uli ndi phindu lolowa.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

22.  MITU YA NKHANI: LISP YOPHUNZITSIRA KUTHANDIZA ZINTHU ZOTSATIRA NDI CONTOURS

Lamuloli limakuthandizani kuti mupeze malo omwe amasonyeza mkati mwa zinthu kapena posankha mipikisano yowatsekedwa, lamulo ili likuwonetsa dera lomwe lapezeka kapena linayika muzolemba zosankhidwa.

Lamulo la Ax liri ndi zotsatirazi:

Mapemphero oyambirira:
Tchulani malo amkati mwa dera kapena [Sankhani chinthu / Zosankha] :

Pano muyenera kufotokoza mfundo za mkati zomwe dera lanu lidzapeze, zina zomwe mungasankhe ndizo:

Sankhani chinthu: M'malo mosonyeza mfundo zamkati kuti mupeze mpweya, mwa njirayi mungasankhe ma polygoni otsekedwa kuti mupeze malo anu.

Options Posachedwapa: Njirayi imasungira bokosi la dialog Options, dialog box ndiyi:

Njira iliyonse ikufotokozedwa pansipa:

Chiwerengero cha zinyama: Chiwerengero cha ziwonetsero zaderalo zidzakhala ndi (2 mwadala).
Kutalika kwa malembo oyenera kulowetsedwa: Ngati mwasankha kulemba ndime ndi dera lomwe likupezeka, apa likhazikitsidwa kutalika komwe lidalembedwa.

Kutembenuka kwa madera: Njirayi imakulolani kuti muchite ntchito ndi malingaliro a malo omwe amapezeka, dera lirilonse likuwonjezeredwa, kuchotsedwa, kuwonjezeka kapena kugawidwa ndi chinthu chomwe chiyenera kufotokozedwa m'munsi mwa njirayi.
Lamuloli likuwonetsa ngati kutembenuka kukugwira ntchito ndipo ndi ntchito iti yomwe ikuchitika ndipo ndi phindu lanji kutembenuka.

Njirayi ikukuthandizani kuti muzisintha malo pamene zojambulazo zili mu masikelo osiyana kapena muzojambula zina.

Ikani shading: Njirayi imalola malo amodzi omwe amavomerezedwa kuti awonedwe bwino kuti apeze malo abwino omwe akupezeka, kuti atsimikizire ngati zili zolondola (Payekha).
Dzina la kumeta: Apa mukuyenera kutchula dzina la shading kuti lizigwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera omwe akuwonetsedwa.

(Shading) Scale: Pano chiwerengero cha shading chimawonetsedwa, izi ndizosiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa shading osankhidwa.

Mtundu (kumeta shading): Mtundu umene umakhala ndi shading umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera omwe amasonyeza.

Kumaliza kumeta: Zosankha zomwe zili m'munsiyi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha lamulo la lamulo likuchotsedwa.

Gwiritsani ntchito makondomu: Ngati zathandiza mipikisano yowonjezera siidachotsedwa.

Gwiritsani mthunzi: Ngati athandizidwa kuti ma shadings opangidwa sakuchotsedwa.

Zopempha Zomaliza:
Tchulani malo amkati mwa dera kapena [Sankhani chinthu / Ikani zolemba / Zosankha] :

Sungani malo olemba: Njirayi imakulolani kuti muyike malemba ndi malo omwe mwapeza m'malo mosankha imodzi kuti mulowe m'malo mwake. Mawu omwe ali ndi malo omwe apezeka ali ndi prefix yokhazikika: ” Dera =”, mawu oyambawa akhoza kusinthidwa mu code code.

Sintha malemba: Njirayi imayatsidwa mukakanikiza batani la Enter kapena batani lakumanja la mbewa, lomwe lingapemphe mawu oti asankhe, mwachitsanzo ngati pali mawu omwe ali ndi izi: "AC=0.00m2" komanso kudzera mu lamulo dera la 3.25 lapezeka, ndiye kuti lamulolo lidzalowa m'malo mwa mawu osintha kukhala "AC = 3.25m2". Monga mukuwonera, AX imangosintha ziwerengero zamawu kuti zisinthidwe, kuti mutha kukhala ndi zolemba zamalo okhala ndi ma prefixes osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo: "AR=0.00m2", "AM=0.00m2", "Dera lodula. =0.00m2”, “My area=0.00m2”, etc.

Ndondomeko yoyenera ndi yosavomerezeka:

Ndondomeko yoyenera

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: AX
  3. Onetsani malo apakati kumalo omwe mukufuna kuti mupeze (muyenera kutsimikiza kuti dera lanu likupezeka liyenera kutsekedwa kwathunthu, mwinamwake lamulo lidzawonetsa uthenga wolakwika).
  4. Onetsani mfundo zamkati nthawi zambiri momwe mukufunira, lamulo lidzakwiya, likulumikiza (kufotokozera) mlengalenga.
  5. Dinani ku Enter kapena kodolani kumene kuti mutsirize lamulo ndikuyika dera lanu m'malemba omwe alipo.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

Kusankha Zinthu

23. Sankhani zipangizo zonse zosanjikiza za chinthu chosankhidwa

Chizoloŵezi chaching'onochi chimachita chimodzimodzi ndi chakale, kusiyana kwake ndi kuti dzina la wosanjikiza silinalowe pano kuti lisankhe zinthu, koma gululo limasankhidwa kumene mukufuna kupeza dzina la wosanjikiza.

Monga momwe zinalili m'mbuyomu, kusankhidwa kwa mabungwe sikunawonekere, koma kumakhala ngati gulu la mabungwe osankhidwa, kotero njira yosankhidwa iyenera kuwonetsedwa "Previous” kusankha zinthu.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: ssl
  3. Sankhani chinthu chomwe mukufuna kupeza dzina losanjikiza kuti musankhe zinthu zina
  4. Pangani chisankho cha mabungwe ogwira ntchito muzowonongeka

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

24. Chotsani zinthu zamkati kapena zakunja kuchokera ku gulu lokhala ndi mapaundi

Kugwiritsa ntchito chizoloŵezichi mungathe kuchotsa zinthu zomwe zili mkati kapena kunja kwa gulu la polyline, ngati njirayo ikuwonetsedwa, zinthu zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi polyline zidzadulidwa ndi mbali yomwe ikuwonetsedwa.

Ponena za kuchotsa zinthu kunja kwa polyline, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kutengedwa monga lamulo ili likuchotsa zinthu zonse kunja kwa polyline.

The polyline kusankha Ayenera kukhala otsekedwa ndi polyline, mwinamwake chizoloŵezi chimagwirizana ndi gawo lomaliza la gawolo ndi loyambirira, kutseka motero pogwiritsa ntchito mzere wongoganizira za polyline ndikuchotsa chilichonse chomwe chiri mkati kapena kunja kwa mzerewu.

Njira yosadulidwa ngati yomveka, limagwira ntchito ndi zinthu zomwe zingathe kudula, monga mwachitsanzo, mizere, mabwalo, ma arcs, ndi zina, zotchinga ndi zinthu zina zophatikizika sizikukwanira mkati mwa zinthu izi zomwe zingadulidwe.

Ndi omvera fayilo yapadera imamangirizidwa kotero kuti mayesero oyenerera amachitika asanagwiritse ntchito lamulo mu mafayilo omaliza.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chizoloŵezi muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: PolErase
  3. Sankhani polyline zomwe zidzakhala ngati malire ochotsa zinthu zomwe zidzathetsedwa.
  4. Sankhani imodzi Chotsani zinthu kusankha, mungasankhe njira: Foda (izo zimangochotsa zinthu zomwe zili kunja kapena mkati mwawindo), Tengani (kuchotsa zinthu zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ngakhale pamphepete mwa polyline), Chotsani ndi mbeu (monga dzina limatanthawuzira, lidzachotsa zinthu zomwe ziri mkati kapena kunja kwa polyline ndi kuyesa zinthu zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi malire.
  5. Zimasonyeza a mfundo pambali (mkati / kunja) adzachotsa kapena kupatula zinthu.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

25. Ikulolani kuti muzisankha zinthu zonse zazomwe zili mkati

Ndi chizoloŵezi chakumvetsera chomwe chimakulolani kuti musankhe zinthu zonse zomwe ziri muzitsulo zosonyezedwa, sizimasiyanitsa mtundu kapena malo omwe angathe kukhala nawo.

Chizoloŵezi chimenechi sichingakhale chovuta pa nthawi yolowera dzina la wosanjikiza, kotero mukhoza kulowa mwanjira iliyonse, basi kuti ili bwino.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: sca
  3. Lowetsani dzina losanjikiza la zinthu zomwe mukufuna kusankha
  4. Pangani chisankho cha mabungwe ogwira ntchito zolemba

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

26. Lembani zomwe zili pamunsi wina

Ndizoloŵezi yopangidwa ndi chilankhulo chokonzekera chodziletsa, zimatithandiza kufotokoza zomwe zili m'ndandanda, ndipo tiyike pamtengo wachiwiri kuti tidzasankha.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi, muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:
  1. Tengerani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD, pogwiritsa ntchito comado Kugwiritsa ntchito kapena kungojambula fayilo ndikuyiyika ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: RT
  3. Sankhani malemba, omwe mukufuna kupeza phindu.
  4. Sankhani malemba omwe mukufuna kuwatsata ndi mtengo womwe unagwiritsidwa kale.

Monga momwe mukuonera, chizoloŵezichi n'chosavuta, koma ndizothandiza kwambiri pakukonzekera malemba.

Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti chiyankhulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawiyi chimawongolera mosavuta, polowera chatsopano tidzasindikiza lamulo lomwelo koma timalembedwa ku VisualLisp, momwe tidzakwaniritsire kuti kukula kwake kwachepetsedwa.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

27. Sinthani chiwerengero cha decimal chalemba popanda kutaya mtengo wapachiyambi

Chizoloŵezi ichi chachisawawa chimakulolani kusintha chiwerengero cha zilembo za malemba osankhidwa popanda kutaya chiwerengero choyambirira cha zilembo, ndikuti mungathe kupereka nambala mwachitsanzo ndi zilembo za 2, koma mkati mwake zidzakhala ndi malo atsopano omwe ali ndi mtengo wapatali.

Chinthu chatsopanochi chingangowonjezedwa ndi lamulo ili, popeza silingatchulidwe ndi bokosi la Mauthenga.

Omvera amakulolani kuti musinthe chiwerengero cha zilembo kapena kupeza chiwerengero choyambirira cha malemba choyambirira ndi chizoloŵezi ichi, kotero inu mukudziwa ziwerengero zingati zomwe munali nazo pachiyambi ngati mukufuna kukhazikitsa malamulo oyambirira.

Ndizodabwitsa kuti zikhalidwe zoyambirira izi zatsala ngakhale fayilo kapena AutoCAD yatsekedwa, kotero muli ndi chitetezo chomwe chiyambi cha deta zikhulupiliro zanu zidzakhala nthawi zonse, mosasamala kanthu za kubwezeretsanso mfundo zoyambirira pazolembazo.

Lamulo latsopanoli likhoza kuyerekezedwa ndi zochita zake kusintha maofesi a Excel, koma chokhacho ndikuti malowa ali mkati ndipo monga tanenera kale Fenje la Maofesi silikukonzekera kuti muwonetse tsiku lotalikira la zigawo.

Kulingalira kwakukulu kuyenera kuperekedwa kwa malemba osankhidwa ndi malemba, ndiye kuti, ali ndi manambala okha, popeza apo ayi mtengo wawo udzasinthidwa kukhala "0.00".

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chizoloŵezi muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: AREDE
  3. Sankhani chimodzi mwazochita zomwe mukufuna kuchita
  4. Sankhani malemba (nambala) omwe mukufuna kuchita

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

28. Gwirizanitsani malemba ambiri kuchokera pa oyambirira osankhidwa

Nthawi zonse zakhazikika ndi AutoLisp zomwe zimatilola kugwirizanitsa malemba angapo okhudzana ndi oyambirira omwe asankhidwa.

pulogalamuyo imakulolani kuti mugwirizanitse malembawo (columns) kapena yopingasa (mizere), chifukwa cha ichi muyenera kusankha choyamba, chomwe chidzakhala ngati maziko othandizira malemba ena.
Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti mfundo yomwe imatengedwa ngati maziko a kugwirizanitsa malembawo ndi malo oyikapo, ngati malemba onse ali ndi "Kumanzere" kulungamitsidwa ngati malo oyikapo, onsewo adzagwirizana ndi mfundoyi ndipo idzakhala. kulinganiza kofanana. Ngati malembawo ali ndi kulungamitsidwa kosiyana, onse adzayanjanitsidwa ndi mfundo yawo yoyikapo, zomwe zidzapangitsa kuti kulinganiza kwa malembawo kusakhale kosagwirizana.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: alit
  3. Sankhani malemba omwe adzalandila
  1. Sankhani malemba kuti agwirizane
  1. Zomwe zinapangidwa, malembawo anagwirizana mogwirizana ndi oyambirira osankhidwa

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

29. Lembani kutalika kwa malemba ndikuiyika pamasamba ena osankhidwa

Chizoloŵezi ichi chinapangidwa mu AutoLisp zokopera kutalika kwa malemba osankhidwa ndi kuziyika izo m'malemba omwe amasankhidwa mtsogolo, kusintha msinkhu womwe iwo anali nawo.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli 3 malemba, zakale ali ndi kutalika kwa 3 ndi ziwiri zotsatira ndi kutalika kwa 6 ndipo mukufuna wachiwiri awiri komanso ndi kutalika kwa 3 osati 6, monga woyamba kusankha malemba amene kutalika ali 3 ndiye malemba ndi 6 msinkhu.

Chitani zotsatirazi kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi.

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: CA
  3. Sankhani mawu omwe kutalika kwake ndi omwe mukufuna kuwatsata kapena kuika.
  4. Sankhani malemba omwe mukufuna kusintha msinkhu kwa oyamba osankhidwa

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

30. Sankhani malemba ndikuyika mtengo womwe umapezeka mu chikhumbo cha chipika

Pulogalamuyi yopangidwa mu Autolisp ndi Visual Lisp imalola kusankha malemba, kufotokozera kufunika kwa zomwe zilipo ndi kukhazikitsa (kusinthidwa) mu chikhalidwe chomwe chiri gawo la chipika.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati tikufuna kusinthira chidziwitso chabwalo lililonse, pazomwe zilipo kale, mungosankha mndandandawo poyamba ndiyeno mkhalidwewo udzasinthidwa malinga ndi mtengo wa malemba omwe asankhidwa.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: cta
  3. Kusankha malemba omwe ali ndi phindu lokopera.
  1. ndipo potsiriza sankhani chikhumbo kuti musinthe muyeso
  1. Zotsatira zikuwonetsedwa pansipa:

Monga tikuonera, lamulo ili ndi lothandiza ngati tikufuna kusinthira phindu la chiganizo kuchokera kulemba.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

31. Sinthani kutalika kwa malemba molingana ndi peresenti yalowa

Chizoloŵezi ichi chomwe chinapangidwa mu AutoLisp chimatilola ife kusintha maulendo a malemba osankhidwa powasintha malinga ndi chiwerengero cholowa.

Mwachitsanzo ngati muli ndi malemba awiri, omwe ali ndi kutalika kwa 0.5 ndipo wina ali ndi kutalika kwa 1.00 ndikulowa peresenti ya 1.5, mapepala apamwamba adzasintha ndi zotsatirazi: 0.75 ndi 1.5 motsatira.

Chizoloŵezichi ndi chothandiza kwambiri pamene pakufunika kusintha pazitali za malemba ambiri ndi zosiyana.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: ch
  3. Lowani peresenti yomwe idzasintha kutalika kwa malemba, mwachitsanzo: ngati mutalowa 0.5, malemba onse adzachepetsedwa ndi theka, ndipo ngati mutalowa 2, malemba onse adzakula kawiri
  4. Sankhani malemba omwe mukufuna kusintha

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

32. LISP YOPHUNZITSITSA KUCHITSA ZINTHU ZONSE ZOKHUDZA MTIMA

Mukakhala ndi zizindikiro zambiri, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti muchotse zomwe zili zambiri mwa iwo, kawirikawiri dinani pazomwe mwasankha, dikirani kuti muyambe kukambirana ndikupitilira zomwe zilipo.

Pofuna kupewa ntchito yovuta imeneyi, chizoloŵezi chaching'ono ichi chidzakuthandizani pang'ono panthawi yomwe munagwiritsa ntchito pakuchita ntchito yomwe yafotokozedwa pamwambapa. Ndi lamulo ili muyenera kusankha zosankha zomwe mukufuna kuchotsa zomwe zili.

Muyenera kutsimikizira kuti malemba omwe ali pambaliyi ndi malingaliro (nthawizina amasokonezeka pakati pawo), kotero kuti chizoloŵezi chimagwira ntchito molondola. Maganizo, lamulo ili amangochotsa zokhazokha, koma osati chidziwitso chokhacho.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chizoloŵezi muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: BCA
  3. Sankhani zikhumbo za malo omwe mukufuna kuchotsa zomwe zili mkatimo.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

33. ZOKHUDZA MU LISP YA VISUAL YOPHUNZITSA ZOKHUDZA ZOKHUDZA NDIPONSO KUZIKHALA MITU YONSE YOSANKHA

Zakale zapitazo ndinakuuzani chizoloŵezi chomwe chinkapindula mtengo walemba ndikuchiyika ku malemba ena osankhidwa, nthawi ino chizoloŵezichi chidzakulolani kupeza mtengo wa malemba omwe mwasankha ndikuzilemba malemba angapo omwe mumasankha.

Kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo latsopanoli ndikosavuta, muyenera kungosankha komwe mukufuna kukopera mtengo wake ndiyeno muyenera kusankha zolemba zonse zomwe mukufuna m'malo ndi phindu latsopanoli.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: RTN
  3. Sankhani magwero a mtengo wa kukopera
  4. Sankhani malemba omwe adzasinthidwa ndi mtengo watsopanowu
  5. Lembani fungulo lolowamo kuti muchotse lamulo ndikusintha malemba ndi mtengo watsopano

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

34. ZOKHUDZA MWA AUTOLISP ZIMENE ZILI ZOFUNIKA KAPENA KUKHUDZA KWAMBIRI KWAMBIRI KWA MAFUNSO

Ndikumvetsera komwe kuli malamulo awiri: Kuonjezera ndi kuchepetsa, malamulowa amalola kusintha msinkhu wa malemba osankhidwa, kuwonjezerapo kapena kuchepetsa kukula kwake malinga ndi lamulo losankhidwa.

Kusintha kwakukulu kumapangidwira pang'onopang'ono yomwe imapangidwa m'malembawo ndipo imachitidwa molingana ndi zomwe zikuwonetsedwa mu bukhu la lisp, ichi ndi 1.2. Kutalika koyamba kwa malemba kukuwonjezeka ndi 1.2 nthawi iliyonse mukamazilemba kapena kuzigawa pakati pa 1.2, malingana ndi lamulo limene mwasankha.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza momwe malembawo alili nthawi zonse, pulogalamuyi imasonyeza kutalika kwa kusintha kwake kulikonse komwe kumapangidwira.

Lamuloli ndi lothandiza kwambiri pamene mukufuna kuwonjezera kapena kuchepetsa malembo ofanana moyenera, popanda kukhala ndi kutalika kwake, kumangowona.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: AU (kuonjezera) | RE (kuchepetsa)
  3. Dinani palemba kuti muwonjezere kapena kuchepetsa kukula nthawi zambiri pamene mukuwona kuti ndi kofunikira
  4. Lembani fungulo lolowamo lolowamo kuti muthetse lamulo

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

35.  LISP YOPHUNZITSIRA YAM'MBUYO YOTSATIRA MITU YA NYIMBO YOPHUNZITSIDWA

Chizoloŵezi chotsatira chimakulolani kuti mupeze miyeso ya (dimensioned), zomwe mumapeza zimapezeka, zomwe mungathe kuzilemba ndi kuziyika mwachitsanzo ku Microsoft Excel ndipo mtengo uliwonse udzaperekedwa mzere wosiyana.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: DimX
  3. Lowetsani chiwerengero cha miyezo yoyenera kutengedwa (3 mwadala)
  4. Sankhani miyeso kuti muyese miyeso yanu
  5. Dinani ku Enter kuti mutsirizitse kusankha ndi kusonyeza pazenerazo zomwe mumapeza

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

36. ZOKHUDZA ZOLEMBEDWA ZIMENE ZILI ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI ZIMENE ZILI ZOFUNIKA ZIKHALIDWE ZIMENE ZILI ZOFUNIKA

Nthawi zambiri mu VisualLisp amalola kuonjezera mtengo wa mawerengedwe a malemba osankhidwa. Chizoloŵezichi chomwe chinapangidwa mu VisualLisp chimapereka kuonjezera mtengo wa mawerengedwe a malemba osankhidwa (mmodzi ndi mmodzi) malingana ndi chiwonjezero chowonjezeka.

Ngati mtengo wamtengo wapatali ndi nambala yosayera, chikhalidwe chotsatira chidzakhala kuchepa kwa mtengo woyambirira.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati mtengo woyambirira uli ndi 1, ndipo phindu lalikulu la 1 lilowetsedwamo, manambala osankhidwa adzasinthidwa ndi unit limodzi, 2 yotsatira, 3 yotsatira, ndi zina zotero.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: Inc
  3. Sankhani mawuwo ndi mtengo wapatali
  4. Lowani increment
  5. Sankhani limodzi ndi limodzi malemba omwe mukufuna kuwamasulira
  6. Lembani fungulo lolowamo lolowamo kuti muthetse lamulo

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

Lembani zojambulajambula ndi 3D

37. Sinthani ziwalo za 3DFace ku zolimba za ACIS

M'mbuyomu ndinaona chizolowezi lisp chidwi ndipo ngakhale posachedwapa Ine ndiribe ntchito, pamene ine zofunika wandithandiza kwambiri ndi kuwerengetsera buku, zowonjezerazo izi mu mphindi kuti 3D yapachiweniweni sapereka ine zotsatira ndikufunika .

Ndizoloŵera kusankha zinthu 3Dface, kuzikweza pamodzi ndi kuzipanga kukhala chinthu chimodzi chokha cha 3D, ntchito yake ndi yophweka komanso yokwanira kusankha zinthu ndi chizoloŵezi chidzagwira ntchito yonse.

Kuti muziyamikira kwambiri kusintha komwe chizoloŵezi chimapanga zinthu, mukufunikira kukhala ndi maonekedwe a 3D, Mwinamwake pakuwona mbewu sichidzawoneka mapamwamba omwe atengedwa mu 3D Solid, chifukwa cholimba chimapangidwa ndikuwonetsa nkhope iliyonse yosankhidwa molunjika "pansi" z-axis yomwe ilipo, ndege ndi mtunda wofotokozedwa ndi wosuta.

Kuonetsetsa kuti mbali zonse za meshiti zimapangidwa ngati zolimba, mtunda uwu sungakhale zero, koma olimba akhoza kudula pambuyo pake ngati kuli kofunikira ku makulidwe oyenera, ndi ntchito za boolean kapena ntchito zokonza zolimba. Chotsatiracho chimakhala chokhazikika pakali pano.

Ngati pamapeto a mgwirizano wa zochepa, opaleshoni imasiya kapena imapachika chifukwa cholephera kukumbukira, mungayese kujowina nawo pamanja.

Mfundo zofunikira kuziganizira:

Ngati nkhope zoyandikana sizikhala ndi makonzedwe ofanana, padzakhala mipata yaying'ono kapena kudutsa pakati pa zolimba zomwe zinachokera kwa iwo, zomwe zikhoza kukhala chifukwa AutoCAD sungakhoze kujowina zolimba, kusonyeza mauthenga otsatirawa:

  •  "Kusasunthika kwa ma curve opingasa."
  •  "Zidziwitso zosagwirizana mumagulu a vertex ndi coedge."
  •  "Migwirizano yosagwirizana pakati pawo."
  •  "Kusagwirizana kwa nkhope ndi thupi."
    Ngati mavuto akupitirira pamene akupanga olimba, muyenera kukopera kamtunda pang'ono ndikugwirizanitsa makope ndi oyambirira kuyesa kudzaza mipata yonse mu 3DFace ndikuyesanso mpaka vuto lidzathetsedwa.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chizoloŵezi muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: F2S
  3. Sankhani 3D kuti mutembenuzire kukhala olimba
  4. Lowani kutalika (pansi) komwe kudzakhala kolimba kuchokera ku vesi lililonse la 3DF
  5. Lowani njira yopanga zolimba: Zodziwika kapena Buku

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

38. Kuyika miyeso muzitsulo zamakono kuchokera pamwamba pake

Kawirikawiri mumapeza kuti muli ndi fayilo, koma izi zilibe phindu lawo, mwazizolowezi, mungathe kuyika miyeso yanu pazomwe mumafuna.

Miyeso yophatikizidwa imakhala ndi zikhumbo, zolemba izi zimapangidwa mu kujambula millimeters. Kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito lisp popanda mavuto, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo "UNITS” (Mayunitsi) fotokozani magawo a zomwe zili mu “Miyandamiyanda” (mamilimita).

Ndikoyenera kufotokoza momveka bwino kuti kuti chizolowezi ichi chikhazikitse malo olondola m'mizere, ayenera kukhala ndi kukwera (konzani z> 0), popeza kukwezako kumapezeka kuchokera pamalo omwe akuwonetsedwa panjira yokhotakhota Ngati mizere ikukwera 0 (coordinate z = 0), ndiye kuti, alibe kukwera, chizolowezicho chikalembapo mawu ndi mtengowo.

The lonse apempha lichitepo amatanthauza lonse kuti adzakhala chiwembu zojambula, ndi mtengo wa miyeso yolinganizira kukula gawo lemba kuti anaikapo, mukhoza ayesedwe ndi kuwonjezeka kapena mwayamba kufooka mtengo mpaka gawo ndi anaikapo ndi lemba kukula mukufuna.

Chizoloŵezi ichi chili ndi ziphindikizo za 2: EL_TAG.dwg y EL_TAG2.dwg, ndizowonjezera zizindikiro zomwe tatchula pamwambapa, mafayilowa akhoza kukopera paliponse, ngakhale kuti akulimbikitsidwa kuti akhale mu foda yomweyo monga chizoloŵezi.

Kuti AutoCAD ipange mafayilowa, muyenera kufotokoza njira ya AutoCAD malo mu bokosi Zosankha-> Njira Yofufuzira Mafayilo.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: CPE
  3. Zimasonyeza mfundo pamwamba pa mzere wa mpangidwe wamtundu ndi pamalo omwe mukufuna kuti mulowemo
  4. Amasonyeza chinthu china kuti afotokoze kusinthasintha komwe kudzakhala ndi gawo loyika
  5. Mukhoza kupitiriza kuyika miyeso yambiri mukuwonetsera malo anu olowera, ngati simukufuna kuyika miyeso yambiri, yesani kulowera kuti mutsirize lamulo

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

39. Lembani mzere wodulidwa kapena wodzaza matope

Mchitidwewu umapanga mizere yodulidwa kapena malo otsetsereka, mizere yotsetserekayi ndi yofunika kuti iwonetse kapena ikuyimira kusagwirizana pakati pa nsanjazo.

Kuti mupange mzere wotsetsereka ndi ndondomeko iyi, deta ya 6 iyenera kulowetsedwa yomwe ingalole kuti mizere yotsetsereka ipangidwe monga momwe ikuyembekezeredwa.

Mfundo zotsatirazi zikufunika:

  1. Kutalikirana pakati pa mizere yotsetsereka (m): Pano muyenera kulowa pakati pa mzere uliwonse.
  2. Sankhani polyline yapamwamba kwambiri: Pamene malo otsetsereka ndi kusiyana pakati pa mizere iwiri, apa ziyenera kusonyeza kuti polyline ndi imodzi yapamwamba kwambiri.
  3. Sankhani mapepala ochepa kwambiri: Pulogalamu ya mtengo wochepa kwambiri iyeneranso kuwonetsedwa.
  4. Dulani kapena Dzazani?: Chitsogozo cha kujambula kwa chiyambi cha mizere yotsetsereka chidzadalira ngati ndi kudula kapena kudzaza, mwachisawawa mukakanikiza Enter key, idzatengedwa ngati mtengo wodzaza "R".
  5. Malo otsetsereka aatali kutalika: Ngati muyeso uli wochepa kuposa mtunda wopita pansi, mutha kuona kuti mzerewu sulumikizana ndi malire a mtunda wotsetsereka, ngati mukufunidwa kuti mutsetsereka. Mtsinje waukulu wotsetsereka umadutsa m'mphepete mwa msewu womwe uli pamphepete mwa mapazi otsetsereka, mtengo waukulu monga 200 kapena 500 uyenera kuwonetsedwa.
  6. Kutalikirana pakati pa mabenchi a talus: Ndilo Kupatukana kumene kumadutsa misewu.

Mukhoza kuyang'ana ma grafu otsatirawa kuti mumvetsetse bwino tanthauzo:

Pano kutalika kwazitali kwa mtunda wotsetsereka wa 5m wasonyeza.
Apa kutalika kwazitali kwa mtunda wotsetsereka wa 200m wawonetsedwa (mtengo weniweni siwothandiza kuti mupereke mtengo wochulukirapo kuti ukadutsa pamphepete mwa mapazi otsetsereka, umadulidwa mosavuta).

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Muyenera kukhala ndi gawo lapano lomwe likhala ndi mizere yotsetsereka kuti mupange, mwachitsanzo: "Mizere yakumtunda".
  2. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  3. Lowani dzina la lamulo: tic
  4. Lowani deta yomwe yafunsidwa ndi lamulo.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

40. Lembani mzere ndi mtunda wotchulidwa

Chizoloŵezi ichi chimakulolani kuti mulole mzere ndi mtunda umene mumasonyeza, kungowonetsani mfundo yoikapo ya mzere ndi mtunda womwe udzakhale nawo.

Mtsinje umasonyezedwa ndi mtengo wodalirika ndi 1, mwachitsanzo: ngati mukufuna kukoka mzere ndi mtunda wa 2: 1, nambala yokha ya 2 iyenera kuwonetsedwa ngati malo otsetsereka, ngati malo otsetsereka amapezeka ndi 1: 1.333, muyenera kulowa 0.75.

Kuti mumve tsatanetsatane, ngati mapeto ndi mtengo wa 1 woyamba (1: x) ayenera kupezeka, agawani 1 pakati pa mtunda wothandizira (x).

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi, chitani zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: DT
  3. Imasonyeza kulemba mfundo ya mzere
  4. Lowani pamtunda womwe udzakhale ndi mzere monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

41. Lembani mzere ndi mtunda wotchulidwa

Ndichizoloŵezi chophwekachi mukhoza kukoka mzere ndi malo otsetsereka omwe mukuwonetsa, pakuti izi ndi zokwanira kuti asonyeze mfundo yoikapo mzere ndi malo otsetsereka omwe adzakhala nawo.

Mzerewu umapangidwa ndi kutalika kwa maselo a 10 ndi kutalika kwa mtengo wa mtunda wotchulidwa pakati pa 10.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi, chitani zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: LP
  3. Imasonyeza kulemba mfundo ya mzere
  4. Lowani pamtunda umene udzakhale ndi mzere mwa peresenti (ejm: 12), popanda chizindikiro cha peresenti

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

42. Lembani malo odulidwa ndi odzaza magawo a mtanda

Pogwiritsa ntchito ndondomekoyi, mungapeze malo odulidwa komanso odzaza malo omwe ali ndi gawo la Natural Terrain ndi mzere wodyera (gawo lomaliza).

Pogwiritsa ntchito ndondomekoyi, mungapeze malo odulidwa komanso odzaza malo omwe ali ndi gawo la Natural Terrain ndi mzere wodyera (gawo lomaliza).

Pofuna kupeza malowa, muyenera kusankha malo odyetserako ziweto ndi malamulo odyetsera mapulogalamu ndi lamulo lidzafunsira mfundo kuti aikepo malemba a malo omwe akupezeka.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: ZINTHU
  3. Sankhani njira yeniyeni ya Natural Terrain
  4. Amasankha mapaundi ambiri a msewu (Rim kapena Sub-Slider)
  5. Onetsani mfundo kuti muikepo malemba a malo omwe adapezeka

Chitsanzo cha fayilo ya CAD chikuphatikizidwanso mu .rar fayilo yowonjezereka kwa chizoloŵezi.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

43. Ikani mapiri a mbiri yakale

Chizoloŵezi chimenechi chimakulolani kuyika mapulaneti a gitala. Sankhani mbiriyo (polyline) ndikuwonetsanso mfundo yomwe ikugwirizana ndi malo ofotokozera mapepala.

Ngati ndilo mzere, lamulo limangoganizira za mapeto, motero kupeza malo otsetsereka, pamtundu wa polyline, chizoloŵezicho chimapeza mapepala oyambirira ndi omaliza ndipo amawerengera mtunda pakati pawo pa zigawo zonse wa polyline.

Mawu omwe akuwonetsa kutsetsereka komwe adapeza ndi amtundu wake, mwachitsanzo: "P = 1.11% mu 10.49 m” ndipo monga mukudziwira kale, mtundu uwu ukhoza kusinthidwa kuti ugwirizane ndi momwe aliyense wa inu amagwirira ntchito.

Monga momwe zinalili kale, kalembedwe ka malemba sayenera kulingalira kutalika kwake, ngati zolakwitsa zapangidwa ndipo otsetsereka sichidzalowetsedwa.

Chiwerengero chomwe chimasonyezedwa kumayambiriro kwa chizoloŵezi, ndizongoganizira zolembazo ndipo sichimakhudza njira zomwe zatengedwa kuti zikwaniritsidwe.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: Pop
  3. Lowani muyeso kuti malemba a mapepala omwe amapezeka athandizidwe
  4. Sankhani mbiri kuti muyese mtunda
  5. limatanthauzira mawu olembera malembawo pamtunda

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

44. Ikani chizindikiro muzithunzi za polyline

Chizoloŵezi ichi chakumvetsera chimakhala chofanana ndi chakale ndipo chimakulolani kuti muike chizindikiro pazolembera za polyline yomwe mumasankha, ingoisankha.

Chizindikiro chophatikizidwa ndi fayilo yojambula (yokha) yomwe imapangidwira pokhapokha, koma imasinthidwa mosavuta, ingasinthidwe ngati kujambulidwa kulikonse, malo okhawo ojambula ayenera kulemekezedwa (pakadali pano pakati pa bwalo la bwaloli ).

Mu fayilo ya fayilo ya fayilo yomwe mungasankhe kuyika bwalo m'malo mwa chipika, pakuti muyenera kuchotsa ndemanga za mzere umene uli ndi code iyi ndi kuwonetsa mzere umene umayika.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: IMA
  3. Sankhani polyline yomwe mukufuna kulemba mawu ake
  4. Imasonyeza njira ndi dzina la fayilo kuti lizitumizidwa

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

45. Pezani mtunda wa mzere wosankhidwa

Pulogalamuyi inayamba mu AutoLisp, imalola kupeza mtengo wa mtunda wa mzere wosankhidwa.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti lamulo ili limagwira ntchito ndi mizere, ngati muli ndi polyline yomwe ikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kapena kupanga mzere pamwamba pa polyline.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi, chitani zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: TL
  3. Sankhani mzere umene mukufuna kutsetsereka.
  4. Chidziwitso chopezeka ndi otsetsereka H: V.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

46. PACK OF 3 ROUTINES FOR WALLS CONTAINMENT - GAWO 3: CHILENGEDWE CHA MBIRI YA CHIKHALA CHA CHIGAWO CHA MALO

Kudzera mwa chizoloŵezi ichi mudzatha kupanga mbiri (kutalika) kwa khoma losungirako, mbiriyi ingapangidwe kuchokera ku deta ya magawo a makoma, deta izi ndizo: Kupita patsogolo, Crown Dimension ndi Foundation Dimension.

Deta ya deta yopemphedwa ndi lamulo, sichikutanthauza kukula kwa mbiriyo (mbiriyo imapangidwa ndi ofanana kwambiri ofanana ndi yopingasa) koma kukula kwa msinkhu wa malemba apadera (miyeso ndi deta zina).

Kuti apange mbiriyo, zangotheka kusankha choyamba chigawochi, kenako mbali ya korona komanso potsiriza maziko a maziko.

Muyenera kusamala kwambiri posankha deta popeza ngati simusankha mawu ndikudina pazenera, lamulolo liziwona ngati kuti mwatsiriza kusankha kwa deta kuti mupange mbiriyo.

Potsatira ndondomekoyi fayilo ya CAD imaperekedwa, okhala ndi zigawo zapakhoma, monga chitsanzo chogwiritsa ntchito chizolowezi cha lisp.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: MUP
  3. Lowani muyeso (kukula) kwa malemba a mbiri (chitsanzo: 75)
  4. Sankhani zolemba zomwe zikupita patsogolo
  5. Amasankha mawu a korona
  6. Kusankha mawu a pansi pa maziko
  7. Mukamaliza kusankhidwa pazigawo zonse za khoma, pezani Lowani ndipo amasonyeza mfundo yomwe pamwamba pake kumanzere kwa korona wa pakhoma padzachitika.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

47. PACK OF 3 ROUTINES FOR WALLS OF CONTAINMENT - GAWO 2: KUCHITA (KUCHITA) KWA CHIGAWO CHA MALO

Chizoloŵezi chimenechi chimakulolani kuti mukhale ndi gawo la khoma lomwe limapangidwa ndi ndondomeko yomwe idasindikizidwa kale (popeza ili ndi malingaliro omwewo), zotsatira zake zidzakhala monga fano lotsatira (mayeso amasiyana malinga ndi kukula kwa khoma).

Chizoloŵezi ichi chimafunsa kukula kwa miyeso yomwe idzapangidwe, chiwerengerochi chimangotanthawuza kupatukana pakati pa mizere yofanana, kukula kwake ndi mawonekedwe a miyeso imadalira kokha kachitidwe kamene kamakono ndipo izi ziyenera kupangidwa kale ndi wogwiritsa ntchito kuti agwire ntchito.

Kuti apange malo otsetsereka, pitirizani monga momwe munkachitira poyamba pa khoma la khoma, mfundo imasonyezedwa pamapewa a mtunda wa gawo la msewu, kumbali yomwe khoma likufunikira ndi kutalika kwake kudzera mwa njira yosonyezera mfundo pansi pa maziko a khoma.

Ndikoyenera kutchula kuti chizoloŵezichi chimangolepheretsa gawo la khoma lopangidwa ndi chizolowezi cha positimomwe imagwiritsira ntchito zojambula zomwezo monga gawo la khoma, mungathe kusinthira muzitsulo machitidwe omwe amawerengera mfundozo ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wina wa khoma.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: MUD
  3. Lowani mlingo kuti mulekanitse pakati pa mizere
  4. Imasonyeza malo ofotokoza (P1 ya chithunzicho) pa khoma
  5. Chimasonyeza kutsogolo kwa khoma (Kumanzere kapena Kumanja)
  6. Amasonyeza mfundo pansi pa gawo la khoma (P2 ya chithunzicho)

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

48. PACK OF 3 ROUTINES FOR WALLS CONTAINMENT - GAWO 1: CHILENGEDWE CHA CHIGAWO CHA MALO

Chizoloŵezi ichi ndi choyamba cha 3 chomwe chimalola kupanga makoma a chivomezi cha mphamvu yokoka, nthawi ina yapitanso tinakuuzani zochita zomwe zinapanga khoma losungirako, nthawi ino chizoloŵezi chimapanga khoma ndi mapangidwe osiyanasiyana.

Tikumbukire kuti ntchito zamakono (makoma, ziphuphu, ndi zina zotero) sizimangokhala zofanana mofanana pa ntchito iliyonse, izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zambiri zomwe zimapanga.

Chizoloŵezi ichi chimakupatsani inu kupanga khoma losungirako ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

Kuti mupange, muyenera kuwonetsa mapewa a pamtunda wa gawo la msewu, kumbali imene khoma likufunikira, ndi lisp mutha kupanga khoma mbali iliyonse, chifukwa mukungofunika kuwonetsa kolowera (kumanzere kapena kumanja).

Ponena za kutalika, izi zikutanthauziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito zosankha za 2, choyamba ndikutanthauzira msinkhu (H) ndipo njira yachiwiri ndikulongosola izo ndi chigawo cha pansi pa maziko a khoma, kutalika kumeneku kungasonyezedwe ndi mfundo pazenera, pulogalamuyo ndi yodalirika powerengera kutalika kwake ndi zochitika zina zonse.

Pulogalamuyi ikukonzekera kutenga miyeso iwiri ya kutalika kwa khoma: Choyamba choyamba ndi khoma lomwe liri ndi kutalika kwanthawi zonse, kumene maziko a maziko sali ozungulira ndi Chingwe chachiwiri (chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri) ndi chakuti kutalika kwa khoma kuli kosiyana, kumene maziko a maziko ali osasunthika ndipo satsatira mitsinje yamsewu.

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito lispyi idzadalira aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito, ndipo ichi ndi chinthu chosavuta kwambiri kuti mutha kupanga mapulani a mipanda popanda kuthandizidwa ndi chizoloŵezi chilichonse, motero zidzakhala zosavuta kumvetsa kugwiritsa ntchito molondola kwa lisp.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: MUS
  3. Amasonyeza mfundo pa mapewa a mbali ya mbali yosonyeza
  4. Amasonyeza kutsogolo kwa khoma (Kumanzere kapena Kumanja)
  5. Sankhani momwe mungatanthauzire kutalika kwa khoma (ndi kutalika kapena kutalika kwa maziko)

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

49. ZOKHUDZA ZOTHANDIZA KUTI ZITHANDIZE MALO OTHANDIZA

Chizoloŵezi ichi chololera chimalola kukoka khoma la mphamvu yokoka ya misewu, momwe muyeso umenewu umatchulidwira mu lisp izi nthawizonse zimakhala zofanana (zimakhala zosalekeza), chiyeso chokha chomwe chimasintha ndi kutalika kwa khoma.

Mfundo zomwe khoma limeneli limapangidwa zimachokera kuyeso ya makoma ena, ngati akufunikanso kuti pulogalamuyi ikhale ndi makoma omwe ali ndi makondomu, ayenera kusintha ndondomeko zomwe zinalembedwa pulogalamuyi .

Kenaka mukhoza kuona grafu yotsatirayi, yomwe ili ndi mfundo zomwe khoma limapanga:

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: MU
  3. Amasonyeza chiyambi cha mzere wa khoma
  4. Amasonyeza kutsogolo kwa khoma (Kumanzere kapena Kumanja)
  5. Lowani kutalika kwa khoma

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

50. LISP YOPHUNZITSIRA KUCHITA ZINTHU ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI

Chizoloŵezi chofunikira ichi chinabwera m'manja mwanga nthawi ina yapitayi ndipo kwa iwo amene akufuna kupanga mapangidwe osavuta popanda kufunikira kupanga zigawo za mtanda kapena mbiri ya longitudinal chimodzimodzi, akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mwambo umenewu.

Chizoloŵezi chiri ndi mawonekedwe a bokosi la bokosi zomwe zimakulolani kuti mupange mtundu womaliza wa progressives inayikidwa mumsasa.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kukhala ndi polyline (kulumikiza) ndikutsata ndondomeko zotsatirazi:

  1. Lembani mafayilo a 3 akutsatiridwa mu umodzi za njira zothandizira ya AutoCAD yanu
  2. Lembani fayilo mvetserani mu AutoCAD (ndi APPLOAD).
  3. Lowani dzina la lamulo: kupita patsogolo
  4. Mu bokosi la bokosi, tchulani maonekedwe a progressives kuti apangidwe.
  5. Amasankha polyline (mgwirizano) momwe izi zidzapangidwira.
  6. Icho chimasonyeza mfundo, yomwe idzakhala chiyambi cha kukula kwa chiyambi.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

51. ZINTHU ZOFUNIKA KUTI MUZIKHALA MALO OYAMBIRA OYAMBIRA PA POLLINES WAMADZI NDI KUTHANDIZA

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zonse zomwe zimapanga mawonekedwe a nthawi yaitali. Mwa kungosankha zojambula ziwiri za 2D (malo ndi zovuta), chizoloŵezicho chimapanga mawonekedwe a mbiri ndi deta zonse zomwe zikuyenera kuwonetsedwa.

Kuti mbadwo wa mbiriyi ukhale wopambana, polylines zosankhidwa ziyenera kuchitika mu 2D, mwinamwake zolakwika zingayambe kugwira ntchitoyo.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:

  1. Lembani mafayilo a 3 omasulidwa pa imodzi mwa njira zanu zothandizira AutoCAD
  2. Sakani fayilo: mbiri ya mbiri mu AutoCAD (ndi APPLOAD).
  3. Lowani dzina la lamulo: Perfil
  4. Mu bokosi la dialog lomwe likuwonetsedwa, dinani "Deta” ndipo dinani mabatani "Dziko"Ndipo"Kutsetsereka” kusankha mtunda ndi kalasi polylines
  5. Ngati mukufuna mutha kufotokoza deta ina mubox musanayambe mbiri yanu (mungakonde)
  6. Amasonyeza kulemba mfundo pamwamba pa mbiri kuti apange

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

52. ZIZINDIKIRO ZOLEMBEDWA KU LISP YOKWERENGA KUWERENGA MITU YA ARCOS YA KUWERENGA

Chizoloŵezi ichi chimakulolani kuti muwonjezere mtunda wa zojambula zonse za zojambula kapena zokhazo zomwe mumasankha, kukuwonetsani zotsatira za Kuwonjezera mu mzere wa malamulo.

Chizoloŵezi ichi chimakulolani kuti muwonjezere mtunda wa zojambula zonse za zojambula kapena zokhazo zomwe mumasankha, kukuwonetsani zotsatira za Kuwonjezera mu mzere wa malamulo.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi, chitani zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: choyimira
  3. Sankhani ma arcs a zojambula zomwe mukufuna kuwonjezera, ngati mukufuna kusankha arcs onse, pezani fungulo Lowani isanayambe pempho la kusankha ma arcs.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

ENA

53. LISP YOPHUNZITSITSA KUCHITA ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI KUZIKHALA ZINTHU ZOPHUNZITSIDWA M'MAGAZINI ENA

Chizoloŵezi chochititsa chidwichi chinapangidwa ndi AutoLisp ndi Visual Basic kwa Applications (VBA), ikulolani kuti mulowetse UCS yosungidwa ndi dzina kuchokera pa fayilo iliyonse yachiwiri ku zojambula zathu.

Chida ichi n'chothandiza kwambiri Ngati mukugwira ntchito ndi ndege zomwe zimagwira ambiri UCS, timayambitsa UCS mu fayilo yoyamba ndipo ifenso tiyenera kuchita chimodzimodzi ndi mafayilo ena, tangolenga iwo pachiyambi ndipo tikhoza kuwatumizira ku fayilo ina iliyonse.

Chizoloŵezichi chimakhala chimodzimodzi ndi chida cha Designcenter, kupatula kuti sichikhoza kusankha kuitanitsa UCS ku mafayilo ena. Pankhani ya chizoloŵezi ichi ngakhale sichilola kukoka ndi kusiya, zotsatira ndizoyembekezeredwa.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chizoloŵezi muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:

  1. Lembani kapena yonjezerani mafayilo a DVB ndi LSP kuti muyambe Kugwiritsa ntchito Startup Suite.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: IMPUCS
  3. Kumaloko Gwero lajambula, dinani batani Sankhani, kusankha fayilo yojambula yomwe mukufuna kuitanitsa UCS.
  4. Kumaloko UCSs Akupezeka, sankhani UCS kuti mulowetse ndipo dinani botani.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

54. NDENDE YOPHUNZITSA YOPHUNZITSIRA YOPHUNZITSIRA MAVUTO A POLYLINE

Zidzakuchitikirani kuti mu AutoCAD muli ndi polyline ndipo mukufuna kuchotsa chimodzi mwazolembazo ndikukwanitsa kuzigwiritsa ntchito muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo oposa awiri.

Ndi chizoloŵezi ichi zokwanira kuti inu muwonetsetse vettex ya polinea imene mukufuna kuchotsa ndipo anakonza nkhani.

Kuti chizoloŵezi chogwira ntchito moyenera, pofika pofotokoza mfundo, Izi ziyenera kukhala za vertex kuti zichotsedwe osati malo apafupi, chifukwa chakuti muyenera kuyambitsa mafomu otsogolera, monga Endpoint kapena Intersection.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chizoloŵezi muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: ndondomeko
  3. Sankhani polyline yomwe mukufuna kuchotsa vertex.
  4. Amasonyeza mfundo pa vertex ya polyline yomwe mukufuna kufuta.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

55. ZINTHU ZOFUNIKA ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI MAFUNSO A COORDINATES NDI MAFUNSO A CHIFUKWA CHIKHALIDWE

Chizoloŵezi ichi cholembedwa mu Autopisp, chiri chofanana ndi chakale, kusiyana kwake ndi kuti nthawi ino, imatumiza makonzedwe a mapepala a 3Dface zinthu za AutoCAD, makonzedwe awa amasungidwa mu fayilo la CSV la Microsoft Excel, lomwe likuwonetsedwa .

Kutumizidwa kwa mfundo za vertex Angakuthandizeni kwambiri ngati muli ndi triangulation ndi 3D nkhope ndipo mukufuna kupeza zolumikizana zawo kubwezeretsanso fayilo yanu yolumikizana.

Zomwe ziliponso ndi zofanana ndi zomwe zachitika kale, pa nkhani ya 3Dface yomwe ikugwirizana ndi mawu omwewo, komanso ngati mukufuna, kulingalira kuyenera kuperekedwa kwa sungani makonzedwe ndi kuchotsa zomwe zaphatikizidwa.

Zogwirizanitsa zotumizidwa ndizo mapangidwe P, N, E, C (Point, North = Y, East = X, Dimension = Z) ndipo zimagulitsidwa ku CSV (koma anasiyana) kutsegula file uliwonse phindu Babulo adzakhala ake selo palokha ndipo mwadongosolo.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chizoloŵezi muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: E3D
  3. Sankhani zinthu 3D zomwe mukufuna kutumizira makonzedwe anu.
  4. Imasonyeza malo ndi dzina la fayilo la CSV limene makampani otumizira amachokera.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

56. LISP YOPHUNZITSIDWA YOPHUNZIRA KOPOPO WA COPY MALO OTHANDIZA KAPENA KAPENA KUSANKHA

Nthawi zina muyenera kutengera mabungwe, koma pamene izi mkati chipika, kodi tingachite nthawi amapezerapo kuti chipika kapena ntchito chipika mkonzi, kotero inu mukhoza kutenga ulamuliro wa mabungwe a payekha, sankhani ndi kukopera .

Ndi chizoloŵezi ichi sudzafunikiranso kugwiritsa ntchito zolemba zilizonse kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mkonzi wolemba kuti muwope chinthu chilichonse mkati mwake, ingosungani dongosololi ndikusankha maofesi omwe angapangidwe.

Zinthu zatsopano zomwe zinapangidwa kuchokera ku chisankho kuoneka pamwamba payambirira, choncho ngati mukufuna muyenera kuwasankha ndikuwapititsa ku malo omwe mukufuna.

Muzoloŵezi imeneyi mungasankhe kusankha Zinthu zatsopano zikhoza kulengedwa mndandanda wina, omwe amasankhidwa chifukwa mwachisawawa zida zatsopano zimapangidwira pakali pano.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chizoloŵezi muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: CPL
  3. Sankhani zinthu zomwe mukufuna kuti muzitsatira.
  4. Ngati mukufuna mutha kusintha kusanjikiza kumene zinthu zatsopano zimapangidwira.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

57. LISP YOPHUNZITSA KUTHANDIZA MANKHWALA A POLYLININE M'MAGAZINI A LINEAR

chizolowezi Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti asinthe arcs m'gulu mu zigawo polyline mzere, kutalika kwa aliyense gawo zimene mungachite mutchule mu lamulo. LISP amatenga deta ya mfundo za polyline anasankha, kuphatikizapo Arc Masamu ndi amapanga polyline atsopano deta latsopano.

Kutalika kwa gawo lirilonse latsopano mu arc zimadalira mtengo womwe unalowa, iyenera kukhala yocheperapo kutalika kwa kutalika kwa zing'onozing'ono za gulu losankhidwa, lisp idzagawaniza arc yoyambirira kukhala magawo "n". mpaka kufika kutalika kwake koyambirira.

Mwasankha mungasankhe kusunga mapulogalamu oyambirira, zomwe zingayambitse mapulaneti ambiri pamwamba pake - kapena kuchotsa.

chizolowezi Zimenezi zingakhale zothandiza Mwachitsanzo ngati pakufunika kufotokoza mfundo pamodzi pamapindikira ndi pa olamulira a yopingasa kapena ofukula mayikidwe.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chizoloŵezi muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: yambani
  3. Sankhani polyline kuchokera pamene mukufuna kusintha zigawo zokhotakhota mu zigawo zofanana.
  4. Imawonetsa kutalika kwa gawo lililonse lomwe lipange mzere watsopano wa "arc".
  5. Sankhani kuchita ndi osankhidwa polyline pachiyambi, ngati inu kusankha kuchotsa inu kokha polyline ndi zigawo yokhota kumapeto lidzasinthidwa zigawo liniya.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

58. AUTOLISP ZOKHUDZA ZOKHUDZA MAFUNSO A MAFUNSO A PA DISTANCES ZOCHITIKA MU AXIS

Ndi chizolowezi mungathe kumanga mu olamulira anasankha (polyline) stitches ndi mtunda wawo, deta mayikidwe mfundo zimenezi kubwera ku mtunda dzanja kukanda kapena kuwerenga mtunda wapamwamba (file amaperekedwa chitsanzo cha kumvetsa bwino).

Chizolowezi ichi chingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachitsanzo Panjira ya msewu, nthawi zina m'pofunika kupeza ndondomeko yeniyeni yowonjezereka mu (polyline), monga mwachitsanzo wopita patsogolo 23.76Pamanja zikhoza kuchitika koma imatenga nthawi yaitali, zinthu izi basi zokwanira kusankha olamulira, kusonyeza kuti poyamba mwapang'onopang'ono olamulira (kawirikawiri ndi phindu 0), kenako lowetsani patali.

Ngati muli ndi maulendo ambiri kulowa mu axis, mmalo mozilemba lisp imapereka mwayi wosankha fayilo yamalemba, mkati mwa fayiloyi ya malemba idzakhala kutali ndipo omvera adzawawerengera mmodzi ndi mmodzi, kuwaika ndi mfundo pazigawo (polyline).

Omvera imakulolani kuti musinthe chiyambi cha axis Popeza chiyambi chimatsimikiziridwa molingana ndi malo oyambira omwe adapanga polyline, ngati lisp iyamba kuyika mtunda pofika kumapeto komwe sikukufuna, gwiritsani ntchito njirayi: "Sinthani kuyamba koyambira".

Kuphatikiza ndi chizoloŵezi ndi fayilo ya CAD, yokhala ndi mzere umodzi (polyline), monga chitsanzo chotsatira ndondomeko ya lisip.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: PP
  3. Sankhani njira yomwe mukufuna kukhazikitsa zopititsa patsogolo: pamanja (1 × 1) kapena powerenga fayilo.
  4. Sankhani pepala la polyline
  5. Lowani mtunda wopita patsogolo kapena woyamba kuchokera ku axis (osasintha ndi 0)
  6. Lowetsani pang'onopang'ono kapena mtunda kuti mupeze (ngati muli ndi zolemba zolembera, ngati fayilo yowerengedwa ili yosankhidwa izi siziri zofunikira)

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

59. LISP YOPHUNZITSA YOPHUNZITSA COORDINATES M'NTHAWI YAKE YOYENERA KUKHALA NDI MALAMULO OYERA

Ndi chizoloŵezi ichi chopangidwa ndi AutoLisp ndi VisualLisp, mudzatha kuyika mamita "n" aliwonse okwera a polyline yosankhidwa (malo achilengedwe kapena odyetserako ziweto) m'mawonekedwe anu, malo okwera adzayikidwa potengera mfundo yomwe yasonyezedwa. mtundu.

Mu lamulo ili mungathe kufotokoza kukula kwa zojambulazolonse ili sakutanthauza lonse ofukula za mbiri, koma lonse la malemba miyeso kuti yophatikiza ndi gawo lemba kwa 1 lonse: 500 kukhala zazikulu kuposa 1 lonse: 50.

Ndiponso mungathe kufotokoza kufanana kwa mbiri yanuMfundozi n'kofunika kwambiri chifukwa akulamulira gawo makhalidwe mbiri zachilengedwe mtunda makulitsidwe 10 nthawi kukula kwake mu ofukula ndi gawo mfundo komanso 10 nthawi kukula kwake weniweni, choncho lamulo liyenela kuti achite ntchito zomwe zikugwirizana kuti asinthe malingaliro a zotsutsana ndi zenizeni.

Chinthu china cholowa ndi amene amamasulira lamuloli, ndilo mtunda umene zidzalowetsedwe, mtengo wosasintha umene umabweretsamo ndi 10, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti miyeso idzaikidwa mkati mwa 10 mamita pang'onopang'ono kuchokera pa tsamba lowonetsedwa.

Mukasankha polyline yomwe ikuimira mbiri yanu (TN, Rasante, etc), lamulolo lidzakulimbikitsani kuti muwonetse malo otchulidwa mu mawonekedwe anu, muyenera kusonyeza mfundoyi mu kupita patsogoloMwachitsanzo ngati mbiri ndi 0 000 100 + + 000, ayenera kusonyeza mfundo imene 0 mwapang'onopang'ono kapena 10 kapena 20, etc. (monga aliyense malinga mayikidwe mtunda miyeso).

Recuerda que kuti pulogalamuyi ipeze miyeso yofanana, mbiriyo iyenera kukhala yolondola, mwachitsanzo, miyeso ndi yolondola pa mbiriyo.

Tchatichi chidzakuthandizani kumvetsetsa zomwe mungachite pazinthu izi:

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi: (Zosasintha zomwe zilipo ndikutsatira chitsanzo ndi fayiloyi ya CAD)

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: ICP.
  3. Lowetsani zojambulazo za kukula kwa kukula kwake: 850 (mukhoza kusintha mpaka kukula kukuyenera)
  4. Lowani tsatanetsatane wa mbiriyo: 1 (zofanana zofanana ndi zopingasa)
  5. Lowani mtunda pakati pazinthu: 10
  6. Lowani chiwerengero cha zilembo, mwachinsinsi: 3
  7. Sankhani mbiri yomwe mungathe kuchepetsa (TN, Rasante, ndi zina)
  8. Imasonyeza njira mu mtundu wa mbiri yanu (onani grafu)

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

60. LISP YOPHUNZITSITSA YOPHUNZITSIRA KUTI MUDZIWETSE KUTI MUDZIWIRE KUTI MUDZIWIRE KUTI MUKULEMEKEZA MFUNDO YOFUNIKA

Chizoloŵezi ichi chinapangidwa mu Autolisp ndi Visual Lisp, chimakupatsani inu kuti mupeze kutalika kapena kupitirira kwa polyline kapena nkhwangwa ndi kuziyika izo mu kujambula mwa njira yolembera.

Kuti muchite izi muyenera kusankha polyline ndipo amasonyeza kuti kupata ndi chiyambi, muyenera kutsimikizira kuti lamulo wakuchititsani poyambira wa polyline zolondola (kuyamba olamulira), koma choncho, mungathe kusintha chiyambi cha kutsinde ndi mwayi akupereka lamulo ili.

Mukhoza kusintha magawo ena osasinthika kuchokera ku source code, monga kutalika kwa malemba kuti alowe.
Dziwani kuti dongosolo lanu logwirizana liyenera kukhala labwino, mwinamwake cholakwika chidzapangika posonyeza kuti pang'onopang'ono mfundo kapena kutalika kuti zipeze.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: OPR
  3. Sankhani axis polyline kapena lowetsani chilembo "C", kusintha chiyambi cha axis
  4. Lowani chiyambe (kapena choyambirira) choyambira pa chiyambi cha mapulogalamu osasinthika: 0.00
  5. Amasonyeza mfundo mu mzere umene mukufuna kupeza kutalika kapena kupita patsogolo

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

61. LISP ZOKHUDZA ZOCHITIKA ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI NDI ZINTHU ZOPHUNZIRA (NUMERICAL)

Ndi kachitidwe kakang'ono koma kothandiza kwambiri ka lisp komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wopeza zambiri pazomwe mukuchita ndi zolemba zosankhidwa, mwachiwonekere zolembazi ziyenera kukhala ndi manambala kuti ziwerengero zitheke, mwachitsanzo: "2.22", "3.39" ( popanda mawu), etc.

Ngati pakati pa malemba onsewo ndi lamulo pezani malemba osalongosola mwachitsanzo liwu loti “dontho” litenga mawu awa ngati Phindu la 0.00, choncho zotsatira adzasintha.

Zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi lamulo ili:

  • Chiwerengero (Chiwerengero cha anthu osankhidwa nambala)
  • NambalaKuchuluka (Mtengo wapatali wa malemba onse osankhidwa)
  • NambalaOsachepera (Mtengo wochepa wa malemba onse osankhidwa)
  • Avereji (Pafupifupi malemba onse osankhidwa)
  • Chidule (Chiwerengero cha manambala onse osankhidwa)

Kupeza zotsatira zokha Zidzatha kusankha imodzi kapena imodzi mwawindo (zenera) malemba omwe mauthenga amafunidwa.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: IV
  3. Sankhani malemba onse omwe mukufuna kuti mudziwe

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

62. LISP LOGWERA LIMENE LIMAPHUNZITSA NDIPONSO KUTHANDIZA NTCHITO ZONSE ZOKHUDZA KWAMBIRI

Chizoloŵezi ichi chimakupatsani inu kudutsa muzoyikidwa zonse ndikusindikizira aliyense payekha ndi kasinthidwe ka tsamba lomwe muli nalo, ndikoyenera kufotokozera kuti dongosolo la dera lachitsanzo silidzawerengedwa.

Lamuloli limayenderera pazomwe zilipo ndipo ngati likuwonetsa kuti ndilo malo osankhidwa, imadumphadumpha popitirizabe ndi ena, kotero ngati mukufuna kusindikiza malo ake, ingosintha lamulo zomwe zimaganiziranso ndikusindikizidwa.

Mutha kutenga mwayi pakugwira ntchito kwa lamuloli, mwachitsanzo, kuyika zilembo, kufufuta kapena kuwonjezera mawu pamasanjidwe aliwonse, ndi zina zotero. Lamulo silisindikiza ntchito mu “Background", pokhapokha atanenedwa mu bokosi la zokambirana options mu tab "Lembani ndi Kufalitsa".

Ngati muli ndi maofesi ambiri kuti musindikize ndipo aliyense ali ndi zigawo zambiri, mukhoza kuwonjezera ntchito ya lamuloli pochita zotsatirazi:

Pangani fayilo yotchedwa Acad.lsp (ngati mulibe kale), fayiloyi yonjezerani mizere yotsatirayi kulikonse:

(defun s :: kuyambira ()
(kulowetsani "Lowetsani ndikusindikiza masanjidwe onse.LSP") ;Ili ndi dzina la fayilo yomwe yalumikizidwa.
)

Njirayo sichiwonetsedwera chifukwa zimamveka kuti njira ya fayilo yeniyeni yomwe yafotokozedwa ikuwonjezeredwa ku mauthenga othandizira AutoCAD (akusonyezedwa mu bokosi la zosankha), ngati simungathe kusintha mzere wa code ndi (njira yonse ya fayilo ya lsp yosakanirira ikuwonetsedwa):

(defun s :: kuyambira ()
(katundu "C: \\ CONSTRUCGEEK \\ TUSLISP \\ Dulani ndi kusindikiza masanjidwe onse.LSP")
)

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chizoloŵezichi mwachizolowezi (popanda kusintha) muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: LPLOT
  3. Muyenera kuyembekezera ntchito zonse zosindikiza zitatha.

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

63.  LISP YOKUTHANDIZA YOPHUNZITSA KUTHANDIZA MAFUNSO KUCHITA MALAMULO KAPENA MALAMULO OTSOGOLERA MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

Chizoloŵezi ichi chachisawawa chimakulolani kuti muchepetse malemba osankhidwa, kuwongolera kumanja, kumanzere kapena mbali zonse, zomwe zidzadalira zomwe lamulo liwuzidwa.

Mwachitsanzo ngati muli ndi malemba oyambirira "0 + 580.00" ndipo mumauza kudula zilembo za 2 kumanzere, lamulo lidzalowe m'malo mwake "580.00".

Ngati muwuza lamulo kudula zilembo za 3 kumanja, lamulo lidzalowetsa malemba oyambirirawo "0 + 580".

Pomalizira, ngati muwuza lamulo kuti muzitha kumbali zonse ziwiri, zilembo za 2 kumanzere ndi 3 kumanja, tsamba loyamba lidzasinthidwa ndi "580".

Monga momwe mukuonera, tangolongosolani nambala ya malemba kuti mudulidwe ndikusankha malemba ndipo izi zidzadulidwa monga momwe zasonyezedwera.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi muyenera kuchita izi:

  1. Kokani fayilo ya lisp ku AutoCAD.
  2. Lowani dzina la lamulo: Ret
  3. Amasonyeza mbali yina ya malemba omwe adzakonzedwe [Kumanzere / Kumanja / Zonse]
  4. Lowetsani chiwerengero cha zilembo zomwe muyenera kuzidula pambali
  5. Sankhani malemba onse omwe mukufuna kudula
  6. Lembani fungulo lolowamo lolowamo kapena pindani pakumanja kuti mulowe m'malo

Mukhoza kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi Apa

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Golgi Alvarez

Wolemba, wofufuza, katswiri wa Land Management Models. Iye watenga nawo gawo pakukonza ndi kukhazikitsa zitsanzo monga: National System of Property Administration SINAP ku Honduras, Model of Management of Joint Municipalities ku Honduras, Integrated Model of Cadastre Management - Registry ku Nicaragua, System of Administration ya Territory SAT ku Colombia. . Mkonzi wa blog ya chidziwitso cha Geofumadas kuyambira 2007 ndi mlengi wa AulaGEO Academy yomwe imaphatikizapo maphunziro oposa 100 pa GIS - CAD - BIM - Digital Twins mitu.

Nkhani

Civil 3D, kapangidwe ka misewu, phunziro la 2

Meyi, 2009

njira AutoCAD Civil 3D kwa zikuchitika

Disembala, 2008

Buku Total Station ntchito Cadastre

February, 2009

AutoDesk idzakusonyezani zabwino kwambiri za RasterDesign

Seputembala, 2008

56 Comments

  1. Hello mainjiniya. Kodi mungandithandize ? Momwe mungalembe gululi yolumikizira mu Civil 3D 2024 chonde

  2. سلام
    Lisp درج شده، در راستای Z منتقل کند?
    به عبارت دیگر یعنی رقوم را واقعی کند ?

  3. Padzakhala chizolowezi chomwe chimadzaza mtambo wa mfundo mu mtundu wa PENCD, wolekanitsidwa ndi malo kapena makoma mu Autocad 2015.
    kapena apamwamba. Zikomo

  4. KWA AMENE ALI NDI MALO OGULITSIRA EM BAIXAR AS LISP. NDIDZATSITSITSIRA DZINA LAPANSI KU ESPANHOL E AÍ TÊM DE PROCURAR A VOSSA LISP EM ESPANHOL, SINDINAPATSITSA NESSA PAGINA POPANDA PALIBE FIM DA PAGINA AS SETAS PARA PASSAR À NEXT PAGE ATÉ NDAKUPATSANI. DepOIS É SÓ CLICAR NA VOSSA LISP, WICHEKA EM ATTACHED FILES E TAX AU APPLICABLE.

  5. POPANDA CHIWONSE CHOKHAWA EM BAIXAR AS LISP. NDIDZATSITSITSIRA DZINA LAPANSI KU ESPANHOL E AÍ TÊM DE PROCURAR A VOSSA LISP EM ESPANHOL, SINDINAPATSITSA NESSA PAGINA POPANDA PALIBE FIM DA PAGINA AS SETAS PARA PASSAR À NEXT PAGE ATÉ NDAKUPATSANI. DepOIS É SÓ CLICAR NA VOSSA LISP E CLICK EM ATTACHED FILES E TAX AU APPLICABLE. NDIKUTI TER AJUDADO

  6. Moni, ndikufuna kudziwa ngati muli ndi maphunziro kapena maphunziro kuti muphunzire ku Autocad. Komanso kupanga pulogalamu yomwe imandithandizira kuwerengera ndi kuzindikira ma polylines

  8. boa noite .. gostaria wodziwa kumva 37. Otsatila mabungwe 3DFace em solids ACIS amagwira ntchito zonse zolembedwa ndi auto cad?

  10. Sindinasunthe lisp yanu
    chonde nditumizeni ine kumvetsera

  12. Moni Ndikufuna kudziwa momwe ndingapezere milomoyo kuti ndichotsere mapepala a polyline ndi amene angapeze mapepala a polyline

    gracias

  13. HELLO
    Ndimagwira ntchito yokonza zojambula za P&ID ndipo ndikufuna kudziwa momwe ndingapangire ma smart block omwe ndili nawo mu autocad plan yotumiza ku Excel.
    mu mapulani awa:
    valves
    manambala a mzere
    chida
    zipangizo
    Ndikufuna kuchotsa chidziwitso ndikuwonetsa ku Excel. ngati wina angandithandize chonde

  14. Zusammen Hallo,
    Ndili ndi Lisp, ndikufa ndi Polylinie yemwe ali ndi x-beliebiger Stelle eine Stationierung (komanso amapita ku Polylinie ndi dieser Stelle) anzuzeigen.
    LG

  16. Ndikuyang'ana kusep kuti ndikhale ndi malo ozungulira omwe mukuyenera kudula mzere wamtundu wotsatira ndikupanga polyline kuchokera pachiyambi ndi zina zotero pamene mukupita kumalo ena ndikukonzekera msewu ndipo ndikumangirira lembani mabwalo ndikukoka zikomo polygoni

  18. Iwo ali ndi chizoloŵezi china kuti apatse zikhumbo ku zinthu zoyambirira, osati zotseka, ndipo izi zikhoza kuwonetsedwa mu bokosi lazokambirana pazenera.

  19. Moni.

    Kodi ndimatsitsa bwanji lisp "Export Coordinate points to file CSV"?

    Gracias

  20. ZINTHU ZABWINO
    TIKUFUNA thandizo lanu, Ndili ndi vuto milomo yanga AutoCAD kutsegula kulimbitsa FOR luso DETA MITU (ndondomeko, mbali, angelo)

  28. Lembani, ndilo dzina lokhalo lokha lamasewero, ndilo lokha.

    Grazie pasadakhale

  29. Moni ndikufuna kupeza ndondomeko kuti muyike progrsivas kuti mugwirizanitse.

    Zikomo

  30. Ndikufuna kukutumizirani chizoloŵezi chomwe sichigwira ntchito komanso m'mabaibulo akale ngati icho chikugwira ntchito, ndikuyembekeza kuti mukhoza kuchikonza ndi / kapena kusintha, makalata omwe mumandilembera kapena mukanditumizira kalembedwe.

  31. Kwambiri wabwino konse, ndikufunika arcos_de_una_polilinea_en_segmentos_lineales.fas chizolowezi kuti katundu AutoCAD MIDAS Gen 2015 palibe vuto arcs mu M'badwo AutoCAD ndi ine ndikupita iwo pansi mu zigawo. Zikomo kwambiri Ndimachokera ku Cuba

  32. Sou português e gostava, se possível, de ter a rotina "NJIRA YONSE IMENE AMASINTHA MALO OKHALA NDI LEMBA NDI COTA YA MFUNDO YOSONYEZEDWA".

    Zikomo

  34. Chonde mungandiuzeko komwe ndingatsitse lisp routine yanu "Export Coordinate point to a CSV file" chifukwa ndili ndi mawonekedwe adera ndipo ndiyenera kutumiza ku csv kapena txt mfundozo zalembedwa ngati mawu (zomwe zili ndi kutalika kwake ) ndipo muzogwirizanitsa Z imatuluka ziro, mwamvetsa?
    Chonde mungandithandize

  35. Ndikufuna lisp ndi ntchito ya "Chotsani zinthu zamkati kapena zakunja kuchokera ku polyline yosankhidwa", chifukwa m'nkhaniyo sindingapeze ulalo wotsitsa.

  37. Eya, ndikufuna kudziwa ngati pali chizoloŵezi kuti mupeze chiwerengero cha zinthu ndikuzilemba

  38. Wokondedwa, ndikuyesera kuti ndichepetse chizoloŵezi ndipo chenjezo limatuluka:

    Sinapezeke

    Zomwe adafunsidwa / URL / ndondomeko-yowonjezera-yowonjezera-yowonongeka-yamtengo wapatali siinapezeke pa seva iyi.

    Kuonjezerapo, vuto la 404 Lopezeka silinakumanepo pamene akuyesera kugwiritsa ntchito Chikhomo Chotsutsa kuti mugwiritse ntchito pempholi.

    Ndikulakwitsa chiyani, 1000 ndikuthokozani Mfumu

  39. Tiwone ngati wina akudziwa kulikonse komwe kumalola kuti adziwe poligono kudziwa, kutalika ndi mazingelo, ngati wina akudziwa, chizolowezi topo12 ngati anganditumize amzanga juanpaulo_100@htomail.comZikomo kwambiri, abwenzi anga.

  41. Tsiku labwino, ndikufuna kuti ndidziwe kachitidwe ka autocad 2014 ngati iwo akupanga kuti apange matebulo kuti apange maofesi ndi makonzedwe a misewu

    gracias

    zonse

  43. hola
    Pepani peuden kuthandiza ndi lisp kuti achepetse ndi polyline ndi makilomita ake, Ndikutanthauza ngati ndili ndi polyline wochokera DM wa Incio 100 ndi DM mapeto 1000, awonetse ina iliyonseyo polyline ndi ine kutaya ine DM wanu ndi kusiya agwirizana.

    tsopano dm ya chiyambi ndi mapeto nthawizonse idzakhala yosiyana pa polojekiti iliyonse

    Ngati simungathe kundithandiza, ndimayamikira, popeza ndimagwira nawo ntchito nthawi zambiri ndipo zingakhale zothandiza pamsewu.

    zonse

  44. moni wina amene angandithandize ndi lisp ndi yolumikizana ndi kafukufuku zichitike arbitrias amayang'anira mfundo ziwiri, kumpoto ndondomeko choyambirira aikidwa ndi kum'mawa kukwezedwa kusiya iwo arbitarias chomwecho mfundo ziwiri poyambira ndinafufuzadi ndi Aling koma miyeso tisandulika

  45. Moni mukhoza kuwona patsamba lino:
    http://acad.fleming-group.com/index.html
    imafotokoza momwe mungapezere kuchokera ku deta yanu ndikuchita zinthu mmenemo, imabweretsa seti ya lsp routines ndi pdf yomwe ikufotokoza momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito.
    Moni, Lola.

  46. tsiku labwino, ndikufuna kudziwa ngati wina amadziwa chizoloŵezi chaching'ono kapena ali ndi chitsanzo chophweka cha chizoloŵezi chaching'ono kuti apange dbf database ndi kuwonjezera deta kapena kuchotsa kuugonjera.
    Ndikukhulupirira kuti amandithandiza.
    gracias

  47. Mzanga okondedwa ndikufuna ndidziwe ngati wina amadziwa kachitidwe kake kuti ndiyese ma angles (ndikuyembekeza kunja) a polygon ndi mtunda wake ndipo ngati sizowonjezera kuwapempha kuti atumize ku Excel.

  48. Kodi mumalemba bwanji chizoloŵezi cha .lsp chimene chimayenda pamene chojambula cha .dwg chimanyamula ndipo chikalembedwa?
    gracias

  49. Ndikufuna thandizo kuti ndiwone ngati wina yemwe amadziwa kuwerenga amandipulumutsa.

    Ndikufuna kutumiza kuchokera ku zigawo zonse zapakati pa 3d zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zilembedwe ma fayilo, ndikungofunika kusonyeza mileage, mtunda wozungulira, ndi mlingo woyenera.
    Chinachake chonga icho

    Km, Pita ku axis, Dimension

    Chokhacho. Kodi wina angandithandize? Sindikudziwa kalikonse pulogalamuyi ndikupempha thandizo.

  50. Tiyeni tiwone ngati ndamvetsa.
    Inu mumanena kuti ndikumvetsera kwanu mumatumizira makonzedwe kupita ku Excel
    Kodi mwamuika patali? Sindikumvetsa zimenezo, ndikuganiza kuti ndi AutoCAD Monga gawo kapena ntchito mu lisp?

    Koma ngati muli ndi makonzedwe a Excel, bwanji osapanga ndime yotsatirayi ndi ndondomeko ya pythagoras pakati pa mfundo ndi yotsatira?
    Mizu yaying'ono ya ((y2 coordinate - y2 coordinate) yozungulira + (x2 coordinate - x1 coordinate) squared)

  51. Mwadzuka Moni, NDIKUFUNA Ndithandizeni ndi LISP A. Kufotokoza, ine Dziwiranitu zitsanzo zosankhidwazi iliyonse akhakula NDI LISP EXPORTA munali ndondomeko ya kupambana, koma tsopano pakati pa mfundo ndi mfundo inu ndi kuika DISTANCE, Tsopano ine ndikufuna ndalama ZIMACITA PAKATI FANIZOLI YPUNTO kupambana FOR OSATI kulemba mu 400PUNTOS kutalikirana pali NJIRA? CHONDE, kuchita ntchito yambiri ine, ndipo AVANZO NDI yachangu.

    Zikomo kwambiri

  53. Moni, Ndikufuna kudziwa ngati pali chizoloŵezi chomwe chimasintha ndege ya autocad ku tsamba lina lachitsanzo monga wgs84 mpaka psad56

  54. http://www.hispacad.com/foro/viewtopic.php?p=165851#165851

    Zolemba Zowonjezera Majambula a mautali aatali, a pamtanda, Kutumiza ndi kutumiza kunja kwa mfundo kupyolera mwabwino, zofunikira zosiyanasiyana, laibulale yamatabwa.

    Mu foda yamankhwala, pali chithandizo chokhazikitsa.
    M'kati mwa foda yachifungulo mudzapeza fayilo kuti iwonetsetse.
    Mu foda ya Bukuli ndi mafayilo othandizira malamulo.

    Zindikirani: pazifukwa zomveka, buku losinthidwa lachotsedwa ndipo zithunzi zambiri zachotsedwa mu buku lothandizira.
    Buku losinthidwa likhoza kupemphedwa mwa makalata kuti
    vhcad@hotmail.com
    ngati ntchitozo zitha kuwathandiza, kapena kuti azidzifufuza payekha momwe ntchitoyi ikugwirira ntchito.

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