Deta ya 3D Webusaitiyi ndi API-javascript: Esri Advances

Pamene ife tikuwona magwiridwe Anzeru Campus ArcGIS ndi ntchito monga maulendo kuyenda pakati pa desiki pa phaka lachitatu la nyumba ya Services Professional ndi wina mu Q yoyankhuliramo, chifukwa cha dziko onse mkati ndi kusakanikirana deta BIM, ife tikupeza kuti ndi kusakanikirana kwambiri umayenda Geo-kusonkhezera masomphenya kumangako.

Ndipo ngakhale pali ntchito zazikulu zomwe zikusowa kuti musunge njira yoyang'anira njira yautsogoleri pakati pa chowonadi cha GIS, zenizeni za BIM ndi zochitika m'moyo weniweni zomwe zikuyenda pa pointer iyi. Timazindikiranso kuti magwiridwe onsewa akuyenda pa asakatuli, ndi Python ina ya machitidwe koma makamaka ndi chilankhulo chopepuka ngati JavaScript.

Chimene chimatikumbutsa mosakayikira, kuti geomatics ndi injiniya adzayenera kupita pang'onopang'ono kumvetsetsa zitsanzo, ndi machitidwe a mapulogalamu.

Ndikofunikanso kuzindikira momwe kusinthaku kwasinthira m'malo okhala ndi ma desktop olemera kupita pazithunzi zosatsegula zochepa. Zachidziwikire kuti wasayansi wapakompyuta yemwe adapanga zaluso ndi seva ya GIS, Gis Injini kapena zinthu za Gis adachita bizinesi atawona momwe Leaflet amagwirira ntchito MapuGi; Sindingadabwe ngati apita kukadumpha pamanda kwa wotsogoleredwa.

Pokumbukira ndime yotsatira ya ArcGis Indoors, nkhaniyi ikufotokozera mwachidule kuphatikiza kwa kuzindikira kwa Lau - msungwana wolimbikira amene amagwira ntchito limodzi ndi webusaitiyi - komanso malingaliro am'mutu wa mkonzi wa Geofumadas.com, patsamba laposachedwa la webinar "Chiyambi cha 3D pa Webusaiti ndi ArcGIS API ya Javascript ".

Owonetsa pa webinar poyambirira adawoneka ndi mbedza yabwino pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito 3D mu ntchito za ArcGIS, ndi momwe zimawonekera m'mapulatifomu a: owonera zowonera, mamapu ama Story Story, kapena Web App Builder kutengera cholinga cha phunzirolo.

Zinali zofunikira kuti malingaliro oyambira okhudzana ndi mutu wa 3D afotokozedwe kuyambira pachiyambi, makamaka chifukwa mopitilira kuwonetsa mabuku, amafuna kutengera njira. Komanso mbali yomwe ikadali yofunikira potengera zofunikira pakuyendetsa njira zolumikizidwa ndi mtundu uwu wazosiyana kwambiri ndi 2D, monga khadi yazithunzi yabwino, thandizo la OpenGL lomwe likuphatikizidwa ndi msakatuli w / WebGL.

Ngati simukutero, aloleni kuti anene ndi anzanu a SELPER, mu kayendetsedwe kabwino ka kayendedwe ka chuma mu makanema a GIS, omwe anali ndi zolepheretsa mapepala a graphics a Nvidia a University of OpenGL omwe anakhazikitsidwa.  Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu ndi ziwonetsero za ophunzira aku Bogota zomwe zidapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuyesa zokwanira dzulo.

Kuonjezera apo, adalengeza kukhazikitsidwa kwa chithandizo chothandizira kugwiritsa ntchito mafoni monga mafoni kapena mapiritsi.

Mu ulaliki ankachititsa zitsanzo zingapo kapena ziwonetsero, kumvetsa mmene API ntchito JavaScript ndi momwe deta chiri cholukanalukana kupanga mawerengeredwe 3D, kuyambira ndi katundu zigawo kapena mudziwe kuti WebScene ndipo kenako mawerengeredwe ake / otembenuza 3D mu Screeneview,

Kuphatikizana kwazoluso

Zomangamanga ndi za mtundu wa 4.x ndipo zimapangidwa ndi zinthu zowoneka ndi ma widget, kuphatikiza pakulandila magawo angapo azidziwitso kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana. Zomangamanga izi zimaposa 3.x chifukwa kuwonera kwa 3D kumangopezeka pamlingo uno. Zida za Webscene ndi SceneView zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'anira data ya 3D ndipo imaphatikizidwa mu API, kuwonjezera pa momwe ma 3D modelling angasinthidwe ndi zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kale.

Ndi zitsanzo, adawonetsa kusiyana pakati pa 2D ndi 3D ndi m'mene mungapitirire kuchokera pakuwona mapu a 2D WebScene kupita ku 3D SceneView, kudzera pamakodi a JavaScript. Kuwonongeka kwa kamera ndikosavuta, ndikuwonjezera malamulo ena kuti malingaliro asinthe mbali. Kuyesedwa kunachitika potsatira izi:

• kutsogolera, zomwe zimalola kusintha kwa kamera pa malo opangira ntchito.
• kupita: amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhazikitsa malingaliro malinga ndi zomwe mukufuna kuwona mu 3D, kuphatikizapo mukhoza kupanga zojambula ndi chida ichi, monga kuyika madigiri ena mutu kuti musinthirenso zojambula zosinthasintha.
• ToMap: imatenga mgwirizano wa malingaliro ndikuyika pa mapu a 2D
• ku Screen: imakulolani kuti musonyeze mfundo pa mapu a 2D ndikuyiyika mtsogolo muzithunzi za 3D
• hitTest: amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire makhalidwe omwe mfundo yomwe ili nayo mkati mwake

Iwo kumatanthauza kuti ntchito yomanga 3D mapu ali ndi zida chomwecho kulenga 2d chimodzi, monga ntchito basemaps, zigawo kapena zigawo amenenso imayendetsedwa kuti 2D (WMS, zamoyo zina kapena CSV).

Komabe, ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti zigawo za 2D zilibe chidziwitso cha "Z" (kutalika), chifukwa chake kufotokozera deta ndikofunikira kukhala ndi zigawo zogwirizana ndi 3D ngati mitambo, masewerakapena okwera. Mkati API mungathe kufunsa pa zigawo izi 3D monga mfundo okwera yeniyeni mukuuonawo, mu chifanizo (1) kumunda poyamba anati, ndi fano (2) ikamasinthika ku funso kapena kupanga zokambirana.

Adawonetsa zitsanzo zingapo za momwe deta imayimiridwira, mwachitsanzo, ndi deta iti yomwe imathandizidwa ndi SceneLayers (point), ndi zinthu za 3D (3D Objects).

Kwa mizinda ikuluikulu, kuyimira zinthu za 3D ndichida champhamvu, chifukwa ndizotheka kuwona, osati malo azinthu zokha, koma kuchuluka kwake, ubale wake ndi chilengedwe, komanso mawonekedwe amkati mwa aliyense wa iwo atha kuwonjezedwa. zinthu. Chithunzi chotsatira chikuwonetsa momwe adasankhira nyumba ku New York City, ndipo mawonekedwe ake onse amatha kuwoneka. Momwemonso, mafunso angapo atha kukonzedwa molingana ndi kapangidwe kake, monga: pomwe zinthu zina zomwe zili ndi kutalika kwina kapena tanthauzo la njira zabwino zili

Zimathandizira momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zigawo ngati IntegratedMeshLayer, chomwe ndi chidziwitso chochokera ku masensa monga drones. Zilibe zidziwitso zosadziwika pazithunzi zonse monga chithunzi choyambirira, koma ndizodziwitsa zambiri ndi zizindikiro za 3D.

Pankhani ya mitambo, mukhoza kusewera ndi kukula kwa mfundo kuti mukhale ndi mawonekedwe abwino a deta, popeza mfundo iliyonse yosanjikiza ikhoza kukhala ndi mfundo zamabiliyoni, koma siziyimiridwa ngati chinthu cha 3D yokha.

Adafotokozera kugwiritsa ntchito zophiphiritsa mu data ya 3D, yomwe imawonetsedwa mosalala / mosabisa, ndi zofananira za voliyumu zogwirizana ndi zinthu zopangidwa mu 3D. Izi zitha kukhala mumayendedwe molingana ndi mtundu wa chinthu. Adawonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito kotchedwa Extrudes kuti "apange utoto" kapangidwe kake malinga ndi mawonekedwe ake,

Mitundu yopereka yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito inasonyezedwa: simplerenderer, kumene zinthu zonse ziri ndi chizindikiro chophiphiritsira, a uniqueValueRenderer kumene mungathe kugawa zinthu, molingana ndi malingaliro, ndi ClassBreakRenderer komwe zizindikiro za chinthu chilichonse zimayang'aniridwa motsatira gulu: pakadali pano iwo amasonyeza kutalika kwa nyumba yomwe imatenga pofuna kupeza kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka anthu.

Owonetsa, adawonetsa nthawi yayitali salt Webinar, phindu lonse pogwiritsa ntchito ArcGIS API ya Javascript, kuphatikizapo:

• Zowonongeka za 3D: ndi chisonyezero chowonetseratu iwo amasonyeza kutalika kwa zinthu, zonse zozungulira ndi zozungulira.
• Kumanga mapulogalamu: kuchokera kumalo ndi zinthu 3D.
• Zowonetseratu zowonetsera zochitika pawonekedwe: imatanthauzira zomwe zili ndi maonekedwe a 3D ndipo zingathetsedwe ku Portal kwa ArcGIS.
• Mapulogalamu a Geodesic: Osangoganizira zazomwe zili pamwamba, koma amalola kuti muyese mtunda wautali padziko lapansi.
• Zomangamanga, chitsanzo cha 3D molingana ndi chenicheni cha malo, mizere kapena mabulu omwe mbali zina zimasonyezedwa, monga malemba omwe angakhoze kuwonedwa pa nsanja monga Google Earth, panopa 3D
• Declutter: ntchito Kudziyeretsa kapena zolemba fyuluta kapena makhalidwe amene ayenera kuona pa 3D mapu, n'kupeŵa zambiri zolemba kuti salola zowonera oyenera ndiponso chifukwa phokoso pamene lipeze mfundo.

Potsatira mawonetsedwe a chikhalidwe chilichonse chophatikizidwa  ArcGIS API ya Javascript, adawonetsa zamatsenga kuti ziwonetsedwe muzatsopano za 4.10. Kumene mungakhale ndi mwayi wo:

• Yambani Mndandanda wa Zithunzi
• Gwiritsani widget: zomwe zidzatumiza chidziwitso chokonzedwa kale ku chinthu cha 3D
• Kutsegula deta yambiri: osati molingana ndi mzinda wina, koma dziko (dziko).
• Malo otsegulira mtambo

Zopereka za webusaiti iyi ku geoengineering

Mwachidule, nkhaniyi ndiyothandiza kwambiri; kukumbukira kuti zomwe zikuchitika ku Digital Twins ndi Smart Cities zimafuna kuti, mopitilira kuganiza za kasamalidwe kazidziwitso, komwe mafashoni ake apambana kwambiri, kuphatikiza ndi ma modelo oyendetsera ntchito kuthetsedwe. Msika ndi wotakata, wolonjeza ndipo mpaka pano uli ndi mayankho ambiri pafupifupi a turnkey kwa wogwiritsa ntchito kumapeto; ngakhale kwa ife omwe timagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo kupanga zida zopanda zamzitini, msewu udakali wovuta. Izi zikutanthawuza, sungani magawo ena monga nthawi, mtengo ndi mayendedwe amoyo wa njirazi; osati pamlingo wa deta ndi ukadaulo, womwe, monga tikukakamira, ndi nkhani yomveka, koma m'malo mopweteketsa mtima kwambiri pazomwe wogwiritsa ntchitoyo amachita asanakhale apakati pazogulitsa zomwe zimadutsa munthawi yazidziwitso. Kuchokera kumbali ya ESRI, kapangidwe ka deta ndi kovuta, chifukwa ngakhale mutha kuphatikiza kale data ya BIM yomangidwa pamwamba pa Revit, imawonekerabe ngati maiko awiri osiyana omwe amafuna kusintha kosavuta. Ntchito zatsopanozi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamitundu ya BIM, koma pali zambiri zambiri za CAD zomwe zingabweretse kuzipinda Zam'nyumba, zokhala ndi mipando ingapo, kukweza ndi zigawo zina ndizokwera mtengo.

Komabe, ngati Esri akuyenera kubweza ngongole, ndiye kupita patsogolo komwe kumapanga malinga ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso osavuta. Ndikutha kulingalira kale zokhumudwitsa za Bambo Jack, ndi mawonekedwe ake a "tiyeni tichepetse" atsogoleri oyimirira a AutoDesk, muukwati wochedwa koma wopambana kumene "pafupifupi ArcGIS Pro ntchito” ayenera kupeza pansi pa mapepala ngati kokwanira ndi zidutswa zingapo zomwe zimaloza ku chinthu chomwecho koma movutikira kuti muchepetse tanthauzo la zotsatira zomwe zimafunidwa ndi topography, Industrial Engineering, Civil Engineering ndi Architecture. Ndipo ndikuti mawonekedwe a kuphweka kwa mapu a zojambulajambula omwe GIS anavutika, ayenera kukhalabe ndi CAD wamba, chifukwa cha chizolowezi choyiwala kuti ndondomeko ndi sing'anga, koma chofunika kwambiri ndikuyika nyumbayo kuti igwire ntchito. .

makhalidwe abwino mawerengeredwe GIS, opepuka, lolunjika pa abstraction zenizeni adzakhala zothandiza CAD / BIM hybrid, kanthawi adzakhala ndi moyo chifukwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa BIM m'mayiko ambiri amapita yaitali, makamaka ndi malangizo ineptitude akuluakulu apamwamba anadutsa malemba awiri oyambirira a masomphenya a AECO.

Mpikisano udzakhala wosangalatsa muzaka zikubwera, mwa njira yofanana kwambiri kuti iwononge kayendedwe ka CAD-GIS-BIM-DigitalTwin-SmartCity; monga umboni ndi zochita kumbali ya Siemens / Bentley mu kupeza njira zothetsera CityPlanner ndi kumasulidwa kwa lotseguka pa Javascript.

Pakadali pano, tiyeni timupatse Esri mbiri yakuyanjana ndi AutoDesk, kupitilira kuphatikiza deta / ukadaulo, munjira yolumikizira / ochita sewero. Pamapeto pake, ndi phindu kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, omwe atsala kuti atsimikizire kuti sitepeyo iphunzire kumvetsetsa mitundu ndi ma code; kuti muyambitse maphunziro abwino a ArcGIS Pro ndi zoyambira za Javascript.

Izi ndizo maphunziro omwe tikukulimbikitsani kukupatsani ndondomeko, pamtengo wotsika mtengo.