Chidziwitso cha BIM kuphunzira ndi kuphunzitsa muzozoloŵera ku CAD

Ndinali ndi mwayi wolumikizana ndi Gabriela maulendo atatu. Choyamba, m'makalasi awo ku yunivesite komwe timagwirizana mu Faculty of Civil Engineering; kenako mgulu lothandiza la Construction Technician ndipo pambuyo pake mu projekiti ya damu la Rio Frío mdera la Cuyamel, kumpoto kwa Honduras ndi kampani ya Tunnelboring. Ine pakuvuta kwanga kukhazikitsa NeoData ndikuyang'ana momwe oyeserera anasiya zida zakale ndikuphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito Leica watsopano wochokera ku Munich yemwe wabweretsa kale zotsalira ndi Bar code; anali kumenyera oyang'anira ndi ukadaulo kuti apite ku mayendedwe amisala abwana aku Colombian komanso waku Germany wina.

Zolankhula zathu zaposachedwa zinali zosangalatsa kotero kuti tinaganiza zosandutsa nkhani. Lero, monga ndimamutchulira Gab !, Mwinanso woyamba BIM Management Master pankhaniyi, komwe amakhala ku Honduran, koma ndi munga wamabizinesi apadziko lonse lapansi woposa chiyembekezo.

- Mu Geofumadas zaka zaposachedwapa Ndayankhula za BIM, ngakhale zochulukira. Kodi mungatipatseko pang'ono pang'ono pazomwe tikufunikira?

Ngakhale ambiri adamva kale za BIM (Building Information Modeling), si ambiri omwe amamvetsetsa kuti ndi chiyani kuti aphunzire njira ya BIM kuti ayigwiritse ntchito m'makampani. Mwina njira imodzi yochitira izi ndikukuwuzani zomwe ndakhala ndikuwona za ophunzira anga a Revit (Zomangamanga, MEP ndi Zomangamanga) m'malo a BIM, poyambirira kutanthauzira malingaliro, kenako china kuchokera pazomwe ndakumana nazo. mukuyesa?.

-Koma kumene. Ndine makutu onse.

Poyamba, kwa iwo omwe akumvabe BIM, akukhazika mtima pansi, tikhoza kunena kuti ndi nthawi yatsopano. Kumanga Information Model (BIM) limanenedwa ngati chitsanzo Polemeretsedwa inu mudziwe, wopangidwa mwa zinasokoneza makompyuta angapo, ndi zinthu zimene zikhoza kugawidwa ndi ambiri achidwi mu lifecycle lonse kulengedwa, zomangamanga ntchito ndi ngakhale yobwezeretsanso ya nyumba. Mochuluka kapena kutanthauzira kutanthauzira tanthauzo la NBS (National Building Specification).

Chifukwa chake kufunikira kwa njirayi, ndichifukwa chake idalandiridwa kwambiri m'maiko otukuka. Chifukwa zimatilola kugwira ntchito mwachangu, mogwirizana, ndimafayilo amtundu wa digito, ndikuwonetseratu bwino ndikukonzekera. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zonse konzekerani ntchito zathu molingana ndi malamulo omwe alipo, ndikuwongolera bwino, kuzindikira mikangano, kusunga ndalama, kuchepetsa zinyalala ndi zonse munthawi yochepa.

-Zimveka bwino.

Inde zikuwoneka bwino kwambiri! Ngakhale kuti nthawi zina lingaliro silikugwira ntchito, makamaka m'mayiko athu omwe akutukuka kumene chuma chathu chilibe. Ngakhale zili choncho, ndikuganiza BIM idzapambana posachedwa.

-Chabwino, koma tisapite opanda chiyembekezo chotere kuyambira pachiyambi. Uzani owerenga anga momwe mwakhala mukukumana nazo.

Ok ???? Kuchokera kwondichitikira kwanga monga mlangizi ndi mphunzitsi wa BIM. M'mayiko athu a ku Central America, CAD akadali ofunika kwambiri ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Pali akatswiri ochepa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Revit komanso ambiri a Revit Architecture; iwo ndi zilumba zikugwira okha. Ndamvapo za makampani komwe katswiri wamapangidwe amamanga nyumba yake ku Revit, kenako amapita ku AutoCAD kotero kuti ena makontrakitala ndi okonza mapangidwe angagwire ntchito. Kunena zoona ndikutaya nthawi.

Chifukwa chake kulimbikira kuti, ngati tikugwira ntchito ndi BIM, sitiyenera kuphunzitsa okhawo omwe amapanga kampaniyo, komanso alangizi ndi makontrakitala, kutchula ofunikira kwambiri. Ndawona akatswiri ambiri mdziko langa omwe ali okhutira ndi digiri yawo ndipo sakufunanso kuphunzira, safuna kusintha. Amakhala ndi AutoCAD ndipo ndipomwe chinthucho chidafera. Zili ngati kukhala m'nthawi yakanema wakuda ndi woyera pomwe kuli dziko lonse lapansi lotiyembekezera.

-Ndimamvetsetsa, momwe zimasinthira kuchepa ndikumauma ndizofala pamachitidwe awa. Koma kodi mwawonapo kukhazikitsidwa kwa BIM ku Honduras?

Ine ndiribe choonadi chonse, koma ndekha sindinawone ntchito za BIM mu makampani omwe ali pano -kuyankhula za njira, osati kuwonetsera 3D ndikupereka yekha - Nthawi zina zimakhala zokhumudwitsa ndipo ndikuganiza nthawi zikwi zambiri kuti abwerere ndikubwerera mu zaka zingapo za 10, mwinamwake zakhala zikufika kale nthawi imeneyo. Ndizodabwitsa ntchito zonse za BIM m'mayiko ena, ndithudi si zophweka kupanga chisankho pa zifukwa zambiri -tsopano-.

- Nanga mukuganiza kuti izi zimakhudza bwanji kuti BIM isayende mofulumira?

Pali zifukwa zingapo zachitukuko komanso zachuma zomwe ndikukuwuzani patsamba lina za chifukwa chomwe BIM sinamalize kukhazikika m'maiko athu aku Central America. Kuyang'ana mbali yabwino, ndakhala ndi mwayi wophunzitsa akatswiri a zomangamanga mu Revit yathunthu ndipo ndatenga mwayi wowadziwitsa BIM. Njere ya mchenga… Ambiri aiwo sanamvepo, koma akapanga chiwonetserochi amakhala ndi chidwi; kuti athe kuchita ntchito zovuta, kupereka, zowonera. Ndikuyesera kutsindika gawo lazophunzitsira, momwe angakwaniritsire ntchito zawo, ndikuwonetsani mapulogalamu a BIM omwe amapezeka pamsika monga AutoDesk Revit, Bentley AECOsim, ArchiCAD, zolemba ndi malamulo a BIM omwe alipo, momwe zimakhudzira dziko lonse lapansi. Ndimawaphunzitsa kuti BIM si pulogalamu kapena pulogalamu ya 3D, mosiyana ndi zomwe anthu ena amaganiza, ndi njira.

-Ndamvetsetsa pang'ono. Ndinali mphunzitsi wa AutoCAD m'masiku amenewo pomwe mumayenera kupanga zofanana pakati pa tebulo lojambula, kampasi, wolamulira wofanana, chigaza chofufutira, ndi bwalo, zolipiritsa, malamulo ochepera ...

Chithunzi ichi cha BIM yokonzedwa mwachidule, zimadabwitsa kwambiri ophunzira anga ndi akatswiri omwe ndimakamba nkhani zawo. BIM m'maiko otukuka ikufikira kwambiri; m'maiko ena ndi malamulo aboma kale. Tikayamba ndimakalasi, amadabwa ndi momwe kulili kosavuta kutengera chitsanzo cha Revit. Ndimaganizira kwambiri za AutoCAD poyerekeza ndi Revit chifukwa ndikosavuta kutengera zitsanzo ndikuwona momwe zonse zikuyendera. Amakondwera akamachita maulendo ndi makanema, akatenga zowonera ndi kamera komanso pomwe angawone zotsatira zawo zomaliza.

Ndidafunsa wophunzira wa Civil Injiniya tsiku lina zomwe amaganiza zosintha kuchokera ku AutoCAD kupita ku Revit, ndipo adandiuza kuti zidatenga nthawi yayitali kuti ndikwere. Chifukwa chake akangokumana naye, ndichinthu china, titha kuthera maola ambiri ndikukhala achidwi; nthawi imathamanga. Ndakhala ndi ophunzira omwe si akatswiri pakumanga monga Systems Engineers ndipo amaphunziranso chimodzimodzi, amasangalala chifukwa akuti apanga nyumba yawo. Mosiyana ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amaganiza, mapulogalamu a BIM sivuta kuphunzira, koma amafunikira kudzipereka ndikuchita. Ngati mumadziwa Chingerezi ndizosavuta popeza pali zithandizo zambiri pa intaneti m'chinenerochi, koma nthawi zonse mutha kupeza thandizo m'Chisipanishi.

-Ndidali maphunziro a BIM ku CentroCAD Nicaragua. Zachisoni kuti vutoli lidandisiya pakati ndipo timayenera kumaliza maphunzirowo pa Skype. Koma ndikukumbukira kuti njira yothandiza ndikukula pang'onopang'ono ntchito inali yosangalatsa.

Inde, kukula kothandiza pang'onopang'ono kumachitika bwino. Yang'anani pazithunzi, mawonekedwe amkati mwa nyumba. Kumapeto kwa sabata yoyamba, ndiye kuti, mutaphunzitsa maola 17, ndikukusiyirani ntchito yanu yoyamba. Nyumba yosanjikizana kawiri, kuti izitengera masiku awiri. Ndizodabwitsa kuti mapulogalamu a BIM awa amatipangitsa kukhala osavuta, ndipo titha kugwira ntchito mwachangu kwambiri. Apa ndikuwonetsani mtundu woperekedwa ndi m'modzi mwa ophunzira anga: Nicolle Valladares.

Kenako timapita ku Revit Structures ndi MEP ndipo ndipamene zinthu zimakhala zosangalatsa, chifukwa izi ndi zatsopano, m'maphunziro ambiri mdziko langa amangopereka Architectural Revit. Chifukwa chake ndizosangalatsa kuwona mitundu iyi momwe amalumikizirana, komanso momwe angachitire mgwirizano wa BIM. Monga mukuwonera ma subprojects pamayendedwe. M'magrafu otsatirawa mutha kuwona mitundu ya zomangamanga, mapulani a ma plumbing ndi ma modetsetsedwe pomwe tayamba kale kugwira ntchito limodzi.

-Ndimamvetsetsa chisangalalo chanu ndi Revit. Koma munandiuza kuti mumaphunzitsanso njira zina.

Zachidziwikire, monga tafotokozera, BIM ndiyoposa Revit, ngakhale malinga ndi malingaliro a Bentley Systems, dongosolo la I-module lili ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa BIM komwe kumaphatikizapo kuyang'anira ntchito, kasamalidwe kazinthu zosangalatsa. Koma ndimagwiritsa ntchito Revit chifukwa chakudziwika kwa AutoCAD munthawiyi, kuyang'ana kwambiri kuposa Revit, kuti ndiwaphunzitse mfundo za BIM. Tikuwonanso mawonetsedwe a Presto (BIM 5D akugwiritsidwa ntchito pamabuku), Bentley Synchro (BIM 4D imagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Planning), Dynamo (wotsogola kwambiri ndi mapulogalamu ndi Revit), mwa ena, kuwasiya munga kuti apitilize kuphunzira mapulogalamu ena kuti apititse patsogolo akatswiri.

- Ndiuzeni momwe mungakhalire mu masiku otsatirawa.

Tsopano tidzakhala ndi mwayi woyamba maphunziro a Navisworks ndipo ndikusangalala kupita patsogolo ndi BIM 4D (Kukonzekera), ngakhale ndi kagulu kakang'ono. Pali zambiri zoti muphunzitse ku BIM, ndipo anthu sadziwa zonsezi. Zambiri monga momwe zilili pa intaneti, nthawizonse sizikhala chikhalidwe cha kafukufuku, zimakhala zochepa pa zomwe amadziwa. Icho ndi kulakwitsa kwakukulu komwe posachedwa kumadutsa Bill, chifukwa icho chosasinthidwa chikufa.

- Nanga mukuganiza bwanji za optics za ophunzira kumapeto kwa maphunzirowo?

Ndikhoza kutsimikizira kuti ophunzira anga, atalandira maphunzirowo, amapanga kusintha kwakukulu, malingaliro awo ndi omasuka ku zonse zomwe angathe kuchita mu dziko la BIM ndi digiti ya kusintha. Zili ngati kuti amadziwa zabwino ndipo sangathe kubwerera. AutoCAD sikokwanira tsopano.

-Ndikuvomerezana nanu. Kusaka kwamaphunziro a AutoCAD kumayang'anira Google. Mukuwona bwanji zovuta zomwe ophunzirawa amakumana nazo akamaliza maphunziro?

Vuto ndiloti tikhoza kuphunzitsa antchito, kuwapangitsa iwo kuganiza mosiyana, koma makampani ayenera kukhala ndi mapulogalamu kuti apitirize kukhala ndi chidziwitso. Ndinakumana ndi wokonza mapulani amene angapangidwe muzithunzi za 3, koma anayenera kugwira ntchito ku AutoCAD chifukwa chinali chinthu chokha chomwe chinali nacho. Zimakhumudwitsa.

Kotero kusintha kwa malingaliro kwa BIM sikungokhala kwa opanga okha, koma iyenera kufika pamitu, mameneja, eni, makasitomala, oyang'anira ntchito ndi omanga. Ndichifukwa chake timayankhula za moyo wa polojekitiyi, osati pokhapokha pa kapangidwe kake. Ziyenera kukhala kusintha kwakukulu komwe kumakhudza kampani yonse, chifukwa pokhapokha tikhoza kuona kusintha kwakukulu momwe timakhalira ndi ntchito zathu ndi BIM. Mwachidule, kusintha kwa machitidwe kumatanthauza kudzipereka ndi kudzipatulira.

Zokambiranazo zidandisiya ndikuganiza. Zolingalira kwambiri, makamaka tikamalankhula za zovuta zomwe malamulowa ali nazo pazandondomeko zaboma zowongolera BIM pazantchito zachifundo. Chifukwa chake, mwachidaliro, tidakonza kofi mu nyengo ya Disembala kubwerera ku Khrisimasi.

Pokambirana mwachisawawa, a Gabriela Rodríguez, Civil Injiniya, Master in Bim Management ochokera ku Rey Juan Carlos University of Spain. Ndi mafunso motsogozedwa ndi mkonzi wa Geofumadas.com.