GIS zojambula zojambula zojambula

M'nkhaniyi tidzatha kuona momwe tingakhalire mapu owonetsera zinthu kapena zomwe timayitanitsa kugwiritsa ntchito GIS Yowonjezera.

Zinthu zofunika

Kuti apange mawonekedwe, Manifold amalola kuti dzina la data lisamangidwe, kapena monga mapu amadziwika, ngakhale atha kukhala mkati mwa chikwatu kapena kuphatikiza ndi wosanjikiza kapena chinthu china chotchedwa kholo ku Manifold. Ndikofunikanso kuti chosindikiza ndi kukula kwa pepala kukonzedwe kotero kuti kutengera izi masanjidwe apitilire, pamenepa ndasankha pepala lamakalata osanjikiza.

Ntchito yaikulu kwambiri ndi kusonkhanitsa deta, kumene imatanthauzidwa zomwe zigawo zidzapita, ndi mtundu wanji, chizindikiro, kuwonetseredwa, ndi zina zotero. 

Malingana ndi grayi ili m'munsimu, kumanja kumtundu wapamwamba ndizochokera ku deta, zomwe tikufuna kuti tipeze mapu (mapu) timakokera kuwindo ndipo patokha timatengedwa.

Kenako pagawo lakumanja kumanja ndikupanga zigawo (zigawo) za dataframe (map) ndipo apa mutha kuwonetsa dongosolo lomwe angatenge, komanso kuwonekera. Zomwezo zitha kuchitidwa ndi ma tabu omwe ali pansipa chiwonetsero chomwe chitha kukokedwa kuti musinthe dongosolo kapena kuzimitsa kapena pitani kawiri.

Kenako kuti mupange mawonekedwe atsopano, lembani pazenera ngati kuti mukupanga chinthu chilichonse ndikusankha masanjidwe. Kenako gulu limayambira kuchokera pachinthu chomwe chingakhale dongosolo (kholo), dzina ndipo ngati tikuyembekezera template. Ikhozanso kuwonetsedwa kuti ilibe kholo. Mu Manifold iyi imaperewera chifukwa ilibe ma tempuleti okwanira ngati ArcGIS.

Sinthani dongosolo

Kenako kuti musinthe, dinani kawiri pamapangidwewo, ndikudina kumanja pa chimango. Apa ndizotheka kukhazikitsa:

• Malo ogwira ntchito (omwe angakhale nawo) omwe angakhale osiyana ndi mawonedwe opulumutsidwa, chimango, chimango kuchokera pakati pa malo ndi msinkhu, wosanjikiza, zinthu zosankhidwa kapena chigawo china.
• Kwa ine, ndikuchita pogwiritsa ntchito malingaliro opulumutsidwa omwe kwenikweni ndi njira yomwe imatchulidwira ngati njira yopitilira monga gvSIG kapena ArcGIS.
• ndiye mutha kutanthauzira kukhomako, momwe mungatanthauzire masamba angati omwe akuwoneka ngati matrix (mtundu 2 × 3) ndipo mutha kuwonetsa payekhapayokha yomwe tikufuna kuwoneka.
• Mukhozanso kufotokozera ngati mukufuna kusonyeza maziko a ntchito, gridi, matope a geodesic, malire, kumpoto, zojambulajambula ndi zina.

Ndipo apa tiri nazo popanda kubwereza zambiri.

Sinthani zinthu

Nthanoyo imakonzedwa mowonera / nthano, ndipo pamenepo mumafotokozera zigawo zomwe zidzalembedwe ndipo ngati mukufuna kuti zisalumikizidwe kapena ayi. Muthanso kusintha maina ndikuwona ngati nthanoyo izikhala yolumikizana kapena kutayirira.

Mofananamo, chizindikiro cha kumpoto ndi chizindikiro chachikulu chikukonzedwa.

KuwonjezeraOnjezani zithunzi, izi zimalowetsedwa ngati zigawo zikuluzikulu zolumikizidwa kapena kutumizidwa kunja ndikukokedwa pamayendedwe. Kuti awonjezere zinthu zina, amasankhidwa kuchokera kumtunda wapamwamba womwe umawonetsedwa pomwe masanjidwe atsegulidwa, amalola kuwonjezera mizere yopingasa, yowongoka, mabokosi, zolemba, nthano, chizindikiro chakumpoto kapena chithunzi chowonekera.

Kuti muyang'ane malo omwe muli zida zogwirizana, ngati mutasunthira pamanja iwo amakhudzidwa ndi makina a alt + ctrl + ndipo izi zikusonyeza mfundo yomwe mungathe kusuntha.

Tumizani dongosolo

Kuti mutulutse kunja, dinani pomwepo pamalingaliro ndi kutumiza kunja. Ndikofunikira kuwonetsa kukonza kwa madontho pa inchi (DPI) ndipo ngati malemba asinthidwa kukhala ma vekitala. Itha kutumizidwa ku Adobe Illustrator (.ai), pdf, emf, ndi postcript.

Pano mungathe kukopera fayilo yotumizidwa ku pdf.

Zothandiza?

Poyang'ana koyamba, zimawoneka kuti theka loti atengeke chifukwa chothandizidwa pang'ono komwe kulipo mu bukhuli lotengera "momwe mungachitire" koma kwenikweni ndi lamphamvu kwambiri. Chisokonezo choyamba chomwe chidandigwera chinali kuganiza ... "ndingawonjezere bwanji ma dataframes mkati mwazigawo?"

Zosavuta, chilichonse chomwe chili mgululi chimakokedwa, chitha kukhala cholowetsedwa kapena cholumikizidwa. Mwachitsanzo, itha kukhala tebulo labwino kwambiri, lomwe limangolumikizidwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti imatha kusinthidwa mu Excel kuti imve, ndiye imangolumikizidwa ndikukokedwa pamakonzedwe.

Zina mwa zinthu zowonongeka zili ndi zokhazokha monga momwe ndafotokozera pamwambapa, ndondomeko yake yolumikizana ndi zina.

Poyerekeza ndi Arcview 3x, iyi ndi yamphamvu kwambiri, koma poyerekeza ndi ArcGIS 9x imaperewera "pamisonkhano" chifukwa muyenera kumvetsetsa malingaliro osiyana ndi omwe amawapanga. Ngakhale ArcGIS ili ndi malire pazinthu zina monga kuchuluka kwa masanjidwe omwe amatha kuphatikizidwa kapena osalumikizidwa ndi dataframe, mtundu wawonetserowu ndiwokopa kwambiri, kupatula ma tempuleti omwe adapangidwiratu kale ndi zina zowonjezera monga makona ozungulira pazomwe Manifold ndi zopanda pake.

Pakalipano, ndi Zowonongeka bwino zowonongeka kwina, zasinthidwa mwazochita.