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JOSM - CAD yosinthira data mu OpenStreetMap

OpenStreetMap (OSM) mwina ndi imodzi mwazitsanzo zabwino kwambiri zazomwe chidziwitso chothandizidwa chimatha kupanga mtundu watsopano wazidziwitso zakujambula. Mofanana ndi Wikipedia, ntchitoyi idakhala yofunika kwambiri kotero kuti masiku ano kwa ma geoportal ndikofunikira kuyika mzerewu kumbuyo m'malo mongodandaula zakusintha kwanu pazinthu monga zinthu zosangalatsa, mabizinesi kapena zidziwitso zomwe sizingatheke kusinthidwa. 

Kugwiritsa OSM ntchito Cadastral mukhoza kupita pa ntchito yanu, ziwembu, ndipo m'dera mapu zapaderazi, kulola Buku deta ndi anthu kusinthidwa ngati n'kotheka kulimbikitsa mgwirizano Amadziwanso kuti ngakhale ngati si kusinthidwa m'dera lawo, Tsiku lina lidzakhala, chifukwa ndi chinthu chosasinthika.

Pali njira zambiri zowonjezeramo mfundo OpenStreetMap. Kutengera ndi zomwe zigwire ntchito, mwayi woti muchite pa intaneti kapena pafoni ndizosavuta pamisewu yomwe imapangidwa ndi kutanthauzira chabe. Koma ngati tingayembekezere kupanga mapangidwe olimba, ndi mamapu mu ma DXF, mawonekedwe a GPX kapena kuti ndife okonda CAD, yankho losangalatsa ndi JOSM, chida chamakasitomala chopangidwa pa Java.

Ichi ndi chitsanzo, pomwe zosanjikiza za OSM zatha ntchito. Ndikutha kuwona chifukwa chithunzi cha Google ndichaposachedwa kwambiri kuposa momwe OSM ingawonetsere, nthawi zambiri Bing, yomwe m'maiko ambiri akutukuka ndiyosauka.

 

openstreetmaps

Mapu amasonyeza kuti dera limenelo linali ngati zaka ziwiri zapitazo.

openstreetmaps

Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa momwe chidakhalira mutatha kumangidwa chaka chatha chaka chatha.

Pulogalamu ya JOSM ndiyosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kwa aliyense amene wagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ngati AutoCAD kapena Microstation. Chifukwa imamangidwa pa Java ndiyotsogola ndipo kamodzi ikatsitsidwa imangokhala yokonzeka kugwira ntchito. Monga mukuwonera, pachithunzi ichi kuchokera ku Bing ndikuti winawake adasinthiratu mamapu.

openstreetmaps

 

openstreetmaps

Kugwira ntchito kwa JOSM

Pogwiritsa ntchito batani lothandizira, dongosololi limachepetsanso chidwi cha vector, kusintha, kuchotsa kapena kuwonjezera.

Poterepa, ndikufuna kukweza mlatho wosagwirizana. Magawo am'mbali amakulolani kuti musankhe zigawo zomwe mukufuna kuwonetsa, ndikuchepetsa komwe Zithunzi Zazithunzi za Google sizingatengeke chifukwa cha mfundo za OSM popewa kusamvana kwa ufulu, komanso chifukwa kusamutsidwa kwa zithunzizo kumatha kuyambitsa mkangano wovuta kusamalira .

Njira imodzi ndikuyendetsa pa mlatho, ndimayendedwe am'manja a GPS ndikutsitsa tsambalo. JOSM imathandizira kutsegula kwa zithunzi zosonyeza georeferenced, DXF, mafomu a GPS monga GPX, NMEA, komanso kutsitsa ntchito ya WMS, pakati pa ena.

Kusintha kapena kusintha muyenera kukhala ndi wosuta, zomwe zimatenga mphindi zochepa pa tsamba OpenStreetMap.

Kusintha kwa deta

Mbali yamanzere imasonyeza zigawo za openstreetmapskumbuyo komweko, tatsegula, tsekani.

Kuti musankhe zomwe tikuyembekeza kuwona patsamba lino, sankhani pazithunzi zapamwamba - ndipo apa pali Bing, Mapbox Satellite, Mapquest Open Aerial, njira zanu za Wms kapena zithunzi zosongoka ndi magwiridwe omwe pulogalamu imabweretsa.

Mukhozanso kusankha kalembedwe komwe tikuyembekeza kuwona zinthu zamakono.

Pa mulingo wa magwiridwe antchito, muyenera kuphunzira zizolowezi za kiyibodi kapena kupukusa mbewa popeza mabatani owonera ndi ochepa. Chizindikiro + ndi Zoom in, the - sign is zoom out, mochuluka momwe ndimafunira, sindinapeze batani loti ndisunthire (pan).

Mukakhudza zinthu, zosankha zamkati zimatsekedwa, monga kusintha njira ya njira, kupitilira kapena kuwonjezera zigawo.

openstreetmapsMuyenera kusewera ndi menyu kuti muwone ntchito zomwe zilipo, komanso muwone mapulagini osiyanasiyana kuti asankhe zomwe zingakhale zosangalatsa kuzilandira.

Kuti ndisinthe mizere yomwe imasintha mawonekedwe, ndimangoyenera kusuntha mfundo, ndikukhudza pakati pa gawoli kumapanga mfundo zatsopano popanda zovuta zambiri. Kuti ndisinthe njira yomwe mizere iwiri imakumana, ndakhudza vertex ndikusankha, ngakhale ndimakonda kupanga mfundo zam'mbuyomu, kudula ndikuchotsa gawo lowonjezera. Kenako zinthuzo zimayenera kupatsidwa momwe zilili, ngati ili misewu yayikulu, zolumikizira zamtundu wa milatho ndikuwonetsa ngati ali ndi njira imodzi kapena ziwiri.

Zotsatira za kope

Ndinatenganso mwayi wokonza mizere yomwe inali pafupi kwambiri ndipo ndinawonjezera zigawo zingapo zomwe, ngakhale kuti siziwoneka mu Google image, ndimadziwa chifukwa m'mawa uliwonse ndimadutsa apa ndikupita kuntchito.

Potsirizira pake, patapita kanthawi kosewera, ntchito ya vector yakhala ikutero.

openstreetmaps

Mukakweza tsambalo, dongosololi limatsimikizira kusagwirizana, monga ma node osalumikizidwa, ndi mwayi wofikira kumalo osamvana. Zimachitika pang'ono kwambiri chifukwa chithunzicho chimakhala chothandiza komanso chothandiza. Ikutsimikiziranso kulumikizana kwa ma topologies amtundu womwewo ndi kulumikizana kwachilendo pakati pa mayendedwe amachitidwe. Zina mwazomwe zimatsimikizika ndizosemphana ndi zidziwitso zina zomwe wina akhoza kutsitsa kudera lomwelo.

Mukangomasulidwa, mukhoza kuona kusintha nthawi yomweyo mu OSM. 

openstreetmaps

Timatchula zojambulajambulazi.

Ndikuwonetsa kuyang'ana pa Msonkhano umene Jorge Sanz wapanga, ndi ziwerengero, deta ndi zopindulitsa za OpenStreetMap zomwe zimatithandiza kumvetsetsa momwe timagwirira ntchito kutsegula malingaliro athu ku chitsanzo cha anthu.

Koperani JOSM

Yerekezerani ndi OpenStreetMap ndi mapu ena amtaneti

Golgi Alvarez

Wolemba, wofufuza, katswiri wa Land Management Models. Iye watenga nawo gawo pakukonza ndi kukhazikitsa zitsanzo monga: National System of Property Administration SINAP ku Honduras, Model of Management of Joint Municipalities ku Honduras, Integrated Model of Cadastre Management - Registry ku Nicaragua, System of Administration ya Territory SAT ku Colombia. . Mkonzi wa blog ya chidziwitso cha Geofumadas kuyambira 2007 ndi mlengi wa AulaGEO Academy yomwe imaphatikizapo maphunziro oposa 100 pa GIS - CAD - BIM - Digital Twins mitu.

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