kaundula Land pa nkhani ya System National kupeza ndalama

Tsiku lirilonse, mayiko akuyang'ana pa machitidwe a E-government, kumene njira zowonjezera zimakhala zosavuta kuti apereke chithandizo chabwino kwa nzika, komanso kuchepetsa malire a ziphuphu kapena zosafunika zolamulira.

Tikudziwa kuti malamulo, mabungwe ndi njira zokhudzana ndi malo mdziko lililonse ndizosiyana. Komabe, malamulo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ngati maziko azamalamulo azinthu amamvera mfundo zolembetsa zomwe zimafunanso cholinga chofananira: kutsimikizira chitetezo chalamulo.

Chitsanzo cha Domain Domain Administration (LADM) ikuyimira chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino kwambiri zomwe zakwaniritsidwa malinga ndi malamulo a Land Administration; ngati tikukumbukira kuti pomwe mtundu wa Catastro 2014 udafunsidwa, zidali chabe ndakatulo koma zidali zowonera. Phindu lokongola pamiyesoyo ndikotheka kukhazikitsa semantics yoyang'anira zinthu, kotero kuti Propert Registry System itha kuphatikizidwa ndi zoyeserera za boma zomwe zimafuna kuphatikiza magawo azogulitsa omwe akuyang'ana masomphenya am'madera.

Ndikudziwa kuti zitha kuwoneka ngati zosokoneza mwalamulo komanso zabodza, kutengera malingaliro amabungwe amdziko lililonse. Komabe, cholinga cha nkhaniyi ndikotheka kuti Registry ndi Cadastre, kunja kwachilumba, atha (deta yawo, osati iwo), kuti agwirizane ndi zomangamanga zomwe zikuchitika. 

Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti ngakhale kuti mzimu wa nkhaniyi ndi wachitukuko, LADM ndi yabwino kwambiri moti imalola kusintha malamulo ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa dziko lililonse, popanda kuiwala kuti kubwezeretsedwa sikukuposa.

Dongosolo lachidziwitso

Chithunzichi kumapeto kwa nkhaniyi chikuwonetsa momwe zigawo zikuluzikulu za LADM zitha kukhalira gawo lomwe njira zosiyanasiyana zimalumikizirana, kulumikiza magawo a Property Rights System, osangogwira ntchito kugulitsa nyumba zokha, komanso katundu wosunthika. Pakatikati pali zinthu zazikulu pakulembetsa:

• Cholembera, chomwe chingakhale chiwembu, galimoto, sitimayo, kapena popanda goreferencing ku cadastre, pansi pa njira ya pepi kapena pa folio weniweni.
• Maphwando okondweretsedwa; anthu achilengedwe, mabungwe alamulo kapena magulu omwe si a boma. Onse omwe amachita nawo mndandanda wa ndondomeko yogulitsa.
• Malamulo a zamalamulo ndi auboma; mgwirizano wa zolinga, chiletso kapena udindo umene umakhudza ntchito, ulamuliro kapena ntchito ya katunduyo.
• Ufulu pakati pa chinthucho ndi omwe akuchita nawo chidwi, olembetsedwa kapena de facto. Muyeso ngakhale ufulu umadziwika kuti ndi umodzi wabodza mwalamulo.

Ngakhale kuti satenga mbali yekha ndi amene simuvutika zochita za zisudzo kugwirizana ndi ndikupeleka: gombe, ndi odziwitsa, kuyeza, sanjira katswiri, amene kanthu koma ndi mabungwe ena ndi maudindo osiyana.

Kodi mungawaitane bwanji ndi momwe mungawasankhire? ISO: 19152

Kutheka kwa kuphatikizidwa kwa njira pansi pa nsanja yayikulu

mfundo ndi yakuti awa zinthu yemweyo ali njira zosiyana za dziko: Iwo ndi anthu omwewo kuti Register boma la amangomvera zolinga masankho, anthu omwewo kuwonekera kuchititsa ndondomeko msonkho, amalola malonda ntchito, ndondomeko zomangamanga, umuna za pasipoti, ndi zina zotero.

Zachidziwikire, sizovuta kukhazikitsa mfundo zaboma zokhazikitsira izi. Monga chitsanzo, mapempherowo amalimbikitsa wolembetsa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito dzinalo monga momwe notary adaipangira. Chifukwa chake ngakhale munthu ameneyu ndi María Albertina Pereira Gómez, ndipo notary adamupatsa dzina loti María Albertina Pereira de Mendoza, amapanga munthu wina, ngati dongosololi lilibe njira yolumikizira kapena kuyang'anira mabwenzi.

Zili zofanana ndi zomwe msonkho umagwetsera, zomwe zili ndi zilolezo, zomwe zimakhala zoletsedwa, ndi zina zotero.

Chifukwa chake mdziko lomwe limalimbikitsa nsanamira yayikulu, mlandu wa Property Registry ndi Cadastre ndiwogwiritsa ntchito m'modzi, mwaudindo wawo Wolembetsa ndi Kulembetsa Mwalamulo. Mabungwe ena amachita ngati ma Risk Management, Land Management, Planning, Collection, Socio-Economic Development, zomangamanga, ndi zina zambiri.

Kunja kwachilumba, Land Registry imakhala gawo lofunikira pazosokoneza zochitika. Zilibe kanthu kuti njirayi iyambira pati, ngati ndi notary, kubanki, m'matawuni kapena bungwe lomwe likupereka udindo, Registry + Cadastre ikuwonjezera pazomwe zingachitike:

Ngati bungwe likukonzekera zomanga mlatho, Registry imapereka chidziwitso chokhudza nyumba zaboma kapena zaboma komwe zidzakhale; chinthu ichi pamlingo wopanga chimalandira chizindikiritso mu Zomangamanga, pogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso kuchokera ku Cartographic Registry chomwe chili ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa digito, mawonekedwe a geological komanso momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito. Chinthu chomwecho chimadziwika mu Public Investment System pakupanga bajeti, ndipo kamodzi kamangidwe ka buffer ya 500 metres kalembetsedwa kamakhudza ziwembu zomwe zikuwonetsa malamulo omanga zolowera munyumba komanso mdera lamtsinje. kumtsinje ndikuletsa kupezeka kwa zilolezo zochotsa magulu. Pomaliza, ntchitoyo ikamalizidwa, imaperekedwa m'manja mwa boma kuti igwire ntchito yosamalira nthawi ndi nthawi.

Koma deta yonse imalowa mu System of Records yomwe imagawana zodziwika bwino. Registry / Cadastre idangowulula zopezeka m'malo, koma nawonso adalandira malamulo omwe amakhudza malo oyandikana nawo.

Motero, aliyense bungwe amalandiranso udindo wake mu msinkhu wawo ukatswiri, kukwaniritsa onse Mwachangu mu utumiki ndiponso kulimbikitsa chitukuko ndi chomwe chili chimene zimawerengeredwa kwa chidwi ambiri, ngati timaona kuti ndalama m'munsi ndi nthawi ndikupeleka ndi chinthu chokha chomwe chimadalira boma mu zinthu zosiyana zokhudzana ndi chitukuko monga teknoloji ndi zina.

Kufotokozera kuti izi sizikutanthauza kusintha maudindo, luso ndi mfundo zomwe Propert Registry imatsata. M'malo mwake, ndikuisintha kukhala Unified System of Records, pomwe Cadastre ndi mbiri imodzi, yomwe izikhala spatial_unit yolumikizidwa ndi kulembetsa kwa Folio Real. Kodi registry kuphatikiza malamulo amomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito nthaka kuli bwanji, registry ili bwanji kuphatikiza kulembetsa magalimoto, kutumiza, ndi zina zambiri.

Zomangamanga zozikidwa pa utumiki

Zikuwonekeratu kuti kufikira milingo iyi kumafunikira kuwona konse kwa dziko, ngakhale izi sizachilendo ngakhale m'maiko omwe akutukuka. Tsiku lililonse limayang'anira mabungwe aboma, akatswiri ambiri omwe angathe kupanga magulu osiyanasiyana omwe amawona kayendetsedwe ka boma ndi mandala ofanana ndi makampani akuluakulu omwe amachokera. Izi ndizochitika pakusintha komwe mitundu idakhala nayo pomwe tawuni imawoneka ngati nsalu yanthawi zonse pomwe pamakhala kupanga, kugulitsa, kugawa, kusungitsa katundu, kutumiza, ma invoice ndi zowerengera ndalama; ngakhale kukula ndi mphamvu zowongolera zimasiyana. Ichi ndichifukwa chake machitidwe azikhalidwe zamatauni amtundu wa ERP akhala akuchita bwino kwambiri.

Koma kachitidwe konga kamene tikukambaku sikangalingalire kuti kangagwire ntchito ndi zomwe zakhala zikuchitika pakompyuta komanso njira zamakasitomala. M'malo mwake, izi zimafunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe amitundu yambiri oyendetsedwa ndi ntchito, pomwe chitukuko cha magawo awonetserako chimasiyanitsidwa ndi malingaliro azamalonda, ndikuwongoleredwa ndi kukonza ma injini muzilankhulo monga Business Process Modeling ndi Notation (BPMN 2.0) . Mwanjira iyi, njira zosavuta monga kukhazikitsidwa kwa ngongole yanyumba, kapena njira zovuta monga kukhazikitsidwa kwa mzinda, zitha kuwonongedwa kukhala ntchito zantchito, mabungwe, zofunikira, kotero kuti sikofunikira kukhazikitsa ntchito iliyonse payokha koma m'malo mwake awapangire kukhala magwiridwe antchito generic.

Zomangamanga zothandizidwa ndi ntchito zimathandizira kuyang'anira ndi kukonza makina akuluakulu, pomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amangogwiritsa ntchito zomwe ali akatswiri; ngakhale atakhala kuti, akatswiri a GIS amachita opaleshoni yomwe imasokoneza malo, kulandira ufulu wololeza Folio Real yomwe siyosiyana ndi geometry yake. Chifukwa chake kuphatikiza mapulani monga Front-Back Office siovuta, chifukwa Dongosolo ndilochepera; Chofunikira kokha ndikukhazikitsa zenera lowonetserako ku ntchito komwe kasitomala amasiyanitsidwa ndi malo osakira.

Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito LADM

Chosavuta, kuchokera ku mawu omwe anapangidwa zaka 20 zapitazo:

Kutalika kwa nthawi yaitali!

Ichi ndichifukwa chake vuto limodzi mwachangu kwa omwe amafufuza malo atsopano ndi akatswiri a ma geomatics ndikuphunzira kumvetsetsa mitundu. Muyeso umaloleza kukhazikika kwa semantics pazinthu zapaderazi, kuti muyenera kuuza kampani yopanga mapulogalamu: gwiritsani ntchito ISO: 19152. Ndikulakalaka zikadakhala zosavuta, koma ndizosavuta kuposa kudikirira kuti ena abwere kudzanena momwe Katundu Wogwirira Ntchito ayenera kugwirira ntchito, pomwe notaries athu ndi owopsa ndi akatswiri.

Chifukwa cha nkhumba ...

Vuto lochititsa chidwi la tebulo lomwe ndidabwerenso komanso komwe ndimagawana nawo gawo ili kuti demokalase idziwe zomwe lero sizingasinthe. Kudziwa kuti kukhumudwitsidwa ndi ukadaulo kuyenera kukhala oleza mtima ndi zovuta za udindo wabungwe, popanda zomwe sizingatheke kuti zitheke.

Kumapeto kwa tsikulo, nkhaniyo ikuwoneka ngati sayansi yowona -ayi-. Koma mchitsanzo cha dziko lomwe ndikulankhulali, zomwezo zidanenedwa zaka 11 zapitazo pomwe lamulo la Katundu watsopano lidayenera kulembedwa, ndikupanga bungwe lomwe limaphatikizira mzere womwewo wa Cadastre, Registry ndi institute National Geographic. Mabungwe omwe ali ndi zolinga zosiyana - inde - chifukwa adasiyana; koma muyenera kupita kukawona machitidwe abwino a oyandikana nawo ndikusuta ndudu yabwino yolimbikitsira kuti muwone komwe zinthu zikupita. Makamaka popeza sitikudziwa kuti tidzapeza liti mphindi zisanu zotere.

Mitundu yamabungwe imasinthasintha pang'onopang'ono, kukakamizidwa kwaukadaulo sikungayende mofananako. Chifukwa chake, miyezo imapangitsa kuti mfundoyo ikhale yolinganizidwa. M'zaka zisanu ndi zitatu, kubwereketsa kwamatekinoloje kumakhala kolondola nthawi zonse, ngakhale kubera kwa mabungwe kumatenga pafupifupi zaka 8 kuti zidziwike.